Officials and businessmen stole 10 budgets of the country

[Детективное агентство ИКС-Инфо.]

Thieving officials and businessmen from the beginning of the nineties stole 10 budgets of the country

This conclusion was reached by economist Marat Musin, having analyzed the work of all Russian companies and government agencies
Evgeny BELYAKOV - 11.24.2011
“When applying for a job, you must ask three questions: what, where and how? What can you steal? Where can I steal? And how can one steal it? ” So he taught the life of a student trainee, the vegetable market team leader in one of the stories of Sergei Dovlatov. Times do not seem to have changed. Yachts of the oligarchs, huge cottages of officials and gorgeous cars of security officials speak about this. But how much is really stolen? Why are there so many poor people in the richest country in natural resources in the world? And how to solve the problem of total corruption? We talked about this on the radio and television of Komsomolskaya Pravda with Moscow State University professor Marat Musin, the author of the book “Business in the RASPL style”.

“AT THE TESTING POINTS SEALED BY DOLLARS”

- Marat Mazitovich, maybe I'm wrong, but it seems that every second official steals in Russia and every second businessman hides from taxes ...

- Together with my students and colleagues, we analyzed the work of more than a million companies. It turned out that 738 thousand of them in their financial statements have signs of theft and legalization. Moreover, in 80% of cases this was done by 5% of the richest companies. And if you take the analogy with Yukos, then all the top officials of these firms should sit for a period of 5 to 10 years. At the same time, about 500 thousand companies do not steal. At least our analysis did not reveal any violations in them.

- As I understand it, we are talking only about private business. Have you also checked state institutions and state companies? It is unlikely that they are all completely white and fluffy ...

- Of course not. But two-thirds of budget organizations do not steal. Although the reason is commonplace - there simply is nothing to steal. The leaders of the rest enthusiastically bring money to high offices so that they are allocated more public funds. And where they give a lot, as you know, and steal more. For example, we found 89 billion rubles that were directly laundered by budget organizations through one-day firms. This, for a minute, is what people in the regulatory authorities receive salaries for. But, apparently, one of the checking points has been sealed with dollars.

- Hm, the statistics, of course, are impressive. But how did you manage to test more than a million companies? Even if you analyze 100 per day, it will take more than 30 years ...

- We have developed a special filter for detecting such violations. We entered their characteristics into a computer program. And it automatically eliminates suspicious operations. Then the experts manually checked the resulting risk group. It happens that one one-day company serves hundreds and even thousands of companies at once. So, all of her clients fall into our database of potential thieves.

- And where did you get information on all banking operations? She is clearly not in the public domain ...

“I can't reveal all the secrets.” But we cooperate with a number of power and financial structures, we do research for them. And we save all the information received in our databases.

ALL PROFIT REMAINS IN OFFSHORE

- Is it possible to calculate how much the budget has lost due to various frauds?

- According to our estimates, over the past few years, about 27% of GDP has passed by the treasury (macro-economic indicator reflecting the total value of all goods and services produced in the country. - Ed.). This is about 15 trillion. rubles.

- I’m afraid to ask, how much has everything gone left since the beginning of the 90s?

- According to unofficial data from one of the financial departments, since 1992 they exported about $ 3.17 trillion. (approximately 100 trillion rubles, or almost 10 annual budgets of our country. - Ed.). In addition, there are so-called “pocket money”, which were stolen through one-day firms and remained in Russia. They went to buy an expensive car, a cottage and so on. But abroad settles about five times more.

- Is it really so easy to determine what money was spent on the case and which went into someone’s pockets? Probably, companies are not fools either, they are good at covering their tracks ...

- There is such a law: where it is thin, there it breaks. On the weak link you can always open any system, no matter how complex it may be. The essence of all corruption schemes is that at some stage you must physically steal the money. This point must be detected. For example, if you have an underground drug production workshop, then there comes a time when you must throw this dirty money into the legal sector of the economy. There is a point - a company for special purposes. And any fly-by-night has the characteristic features that distinguish it from honest companies.

- What are the main ways of withdrawing funds abroad?

- Take the pulp and paper industry, which we carefully checked. For example, a ton of pulp is officially sold for export (that is, leaves the Russian territory) for $ 250, and literally “a meter” (in China) already costs $ 350. Where did the difference go? Remained in an offshore intermediary firm. Naturally, from this difference, which has settled on the accounts of the intermediary, no taxes are paid to our treasury (see the schedule).

“REMOVE PARASITES IN THE ECONOMIC CHAIN”

- In your opinion, everything is very simple to calculate. Why doesn’t anyone use this to catch embezzlers? Where are the trials, the courts, the landings?

- The problem is that the whole system is built on kickbacks, cuts and corruption. And no one in this vertical is interested in changing it. Their children study in London, and the money is in the accounts in foreign banks. What is the point of changing something?

“Is there really nothing to be done?” After all, there are effective Western and Eastern practices where the problem of corruption has more or less been solved ...

- In my opinion, there are several possible solutions. First, how did French President Charles de Gaulle fight corruption among judges? One day, he fired everyone and put in their place pre-trained students. By the way, many managers do just that now. No other way. Our state should do the same. Secondly, talent must be promoted. If a businessman has not stolen a penny, created a new business from scratch, given a bunch of jobs, then he must be exempted from taxes and let him develop even more actively. And then for businessmen, all and sundry put sticks in the wheels, but for some little-known official who did nothing, millions are in the accounts and a mansion in London.

“But, as we have found out, most businessmen are far from angels?”

- Yes, but their honesty directly depends on the integrity of the inspectors. One thing needs to be understood - in the current model of eating up national wealth, we will not last long. Why the hell are we driving crude oil to the West? We need to export tires, polypropylene and other petrochemical products. In the forest industry, the same thing. But it doesn’t come out, because every intermediary in the chain winds up a house in Nice. And the casket just opens. You can’t make cheap and high-quality products at the same time (in order to successfully compete in the world market) and build a house in Nice with stolen money. And the sale of raw materials allows this. So the only way is to remove the parasites in the economic chain.

- What will happen to the country if you do not radically change the system?

- Such lawlessness in the economy cannot last long, because the main economic, legal and moral laws are violated. Moreover, America has already very clearly said (using the example of Libya) that they will use the problem of systemic corruption to destroy and occupy resource countries. The principle is clear: divide and conquer. They will use any contradictions in society, which, incidentally, are noticeably aggravated in our country. And there is no doubt that the interest of foreign states in us is very large. In our country, there are 25% of the world's natural resources and only 2% of the world population.

FROM THE DOSSIER "KP"

Marat Mazitovich MUSIN. Doctor of Economics, Professor, Moscow State University, Head of the Department of Crisis and Strategic Management, RSTEU. He has held senior positions in large financial and industrial groups, banks and financial companies. He opened a new scientific direction - management of economic interests. The author of 11 books and 150 publications. The last book - “Business in the style of CUT. Where the riches of the country go. ”

Another opinion

Elena PANFILOVA, Director General of the Center for Anti-Corruption Research and Initiatives Transparency International Russia, ANO:

“Corruption must be treated with a carrot and a stick”

- In the fight against embezzlers, the truth, as always, is exactly in the middle. A sustainable result can only be achieved by a balanced combination of carrot and stick. For example, in the Middle Ages the chair of each next judge was upholstered in leather of the previous one. But even this did not save from corruption. So just replacing all the judges or officials will not be enough. There should be tight internal control so that new people do not turn into their predecessors in a couple of years. Otherwise, then they will have to be changed again - and so on in a circle. Therefore, drastic measures are needed both to punish and to prevent corruption. And for this you need to fine-tune the entire system.

Gurchenko hired a detective to convict her husband of treason

 

[Евгений СБ]

There will be no change with this power. But not the fact that the other will be better.