Real Estate Fraud

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One company needed a room in the city center. We chose a communal apartment. All tenants agreed to the terms of eviction proposed by him, only one girl requested a two-room apartment in exchange for her room. It was not possible to persuade her, then they found a "groom" for her. A fake young man was given a car and a separate apartment for temporary use. A month later, the young decided to get married. It was decided to twist the family nest in a small country house. To do this, they sold the "apartment of the groom" and the room of the bride. After paperwork for the house, the groom disappeared. And the girl was left without a groom, and without an apartment

Forgery of documents
In the process of concluding and completing an apartment purchase and sale transaction, one has to deal with a large number of different documents. They are the basis for the transaction, and it is with them that a variety of methods of fraud are associated. Here are some of them: re-sticking photos; use of sheets of various passports in the passport of one citizen; falsification of registration stamps in passports; falsification of photocopies of identity documents; presentation of fake payment documents or presentation of falsified documents proving ownership of the apartment.

Deception by proxy
Under the pretext of providing assistance with the exchange or resettlement, fraudsters receive a power of attorney from the owner of the apartment for the right to make any transactions with the apartment, and then draw up an agreement for the sale of the apartment without the participation of the owner. And they can even write out the owner from it.

Sometimes fraudsters, in order to take possession of someone else's living space, fake a power of attorney for the right to dispose of real estate.

Most often, such a scam usually easily passes under the pretext of speeding up the process. And the fraudster as a result draws up the client’s real estate for himself. After that, the apartment is immediately for sale. And the contract reveals the absence of a clause on liability and the fraudster quietly disappears with money.

Legal advice
It is impossible to prove the fault of the broker, because the swindler concludes a real power of attorney ...

Refusal to pay an apartment
Although rare, but still there are cases of unlawful seizure of an apartment without payment (full, partial or pre-agreed amount). When buying an apartment, the fraudster simply does not pay money or gives only a part of the amount promised for the transaction. Moreover, people who cannot defend their rights (alcoholics, drug addicts, mentally ill, etc.) often become victims.

To obtain consent for paperwork or a power of attorney, criminals use very diverse methods of influence: from the use of psychotropic drugs to the direct threat of physical violence or torture.

The following documents must be closely monitored during a housing transaction.

* title documents for property (privatization, purchase and sale, donation, exchange, inheritance agreements, certificate of title, certificate of housing cooperative registered in the committee of municipal housing).
* Help BTI (explication);
* extract from the house book;
* copy of financial personal account;
* certificate of absence of debts for utilities;
* if minors live with the seller - the decision of the guardianship commission;
* permission from the spouse to purchase or alienate real estate;
* additional permits (if people with limited legal capacity live);
* contracts of previous transactions with the apartment;
* certificate of payment of real estate tax.

What to do?
* You can’t sign anything without checking all the documents of the other party, and not just their availability, but full compliance with legal standards;
* beware of people seeking to do everything urgently or those who undertake the execution of all documents on their own;
* in the calculations it is more expedient to use not a cash, but a current account. The transfer (receipt) of money must be made in the presence of relatives, acquaintances, who can subsequently be witnesses in court.
Source: https://juliki.ru/flats/82-prodazha.html

 

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“For a long time we saved up money to buy the long-awaited apartment. The intermediary company raised money from us, and a contract was concluded. The case was beneficial for us, buyers, and for the builder, and for intermediaries. But when the deadline came and the house was built, we were told that the company intermediary for some reason did not buy the house from the company that was engaged in its construction. And it turned out that we gave the money, but could not get housing. It’s like we bought apartments (more precisely, they were built with our money), but in reality they didn’t belong to us! ”

Each person, buying an apartment, is afraid to be cheated, but also does not want to overpay. Therefore, fraudsters easily find those who will not refuse to buy an apartment cheaper without unnecessary risk.

Intentionally withholding information
This method of fraud involves terminating an already concluded transaction to the detriment of the buyer of the apartment. Having bought an apartment, you can not suspect that a person lives in it, who usually is registered with a neuropsychiatric dispensary or is a patient of a drug dispensary (i.e. an alcoholic or drug addict). And any tenant registered legally (especially provided that he is incapable of work and there is no place for resettlement), in the case of the sale of an apartment, has the right to stay in it. It does not matter who owns it. After some time, the relatives of this unhealthy person go to court with a certificate of his insanity and terminate the transaction. The court at the same time, no doubt, decides that the buyer should return the money paid for the apartment. The trick in this case is that the amount indicated in the contract of sale of the apartment, as a rule, is much less than the amount that was actually paid for it. In addition, there is no certainty that even this amount will be returned to the buyer. Because, transactions committed with the mentally ill, alcoholics, drug addicts, can be protested within ten years. During this time, the money paid for the apartment can be spent by them.

No less trouble will be the purchase of an apartment in which a person is serving a sentence in prison. He may not be discharged from the apartment, and he will retain the right to reside in it.

Often an apartment is sold by proxy after the death of the landlord . The transaction in this case is invalid.

“Wrong address”
There are such situations. A trusting citizen, often from another city, is shown a luxurious apartment in the city center. He agrees to the purchase. And the documents later turn out to be executed on a one-room slum somewhere on the outskirts. In such cases, coincidences in street names are used, and they can even specially fix the necessary signs on houses or apartments. Very often, such frauds occur in transactions with suburban real estate. Sellers show a luxurious three-story villa, while documents are drawn up at a nearby barn.

Sale of an apartment by agreement of several persons
It is known that when selling an apartment, which is the joint property of the spouses, the consent of both owners for its sale or exchange is necessary. But often spouses become scammers, agreeing in advance on joint actions. Suppose an apartment was purchased during the marriage, but framed by one of the spouses. The notary will certainly require the consent of the second spouse to the transaction. However, you can “lose” your passport and instead get a new one without a marriage registration stamp. In this case, after the transaction is completed, the second spouse may file a lawsuit in court to declare the transaction invalid on the grounds that he was not asked for consent to it, and he, of course, is against it. As a result, the court will return everything to its place, and the buyer, if he gets his money back, is likely to have a smaller amount, since a different amount may be indicated in the sales contract.

"Own office"
In order to make a deal, fraudsters often use fake notary seals, and sometimes even open a fake notary office (the famous pharmacist Sonya Zolotaya Ruchka did a hundred years ago when she “sold” the house of the Moscow governor-general to an English company). Aces scammers perform such scams right in the walls of a real notary’s office and bring the victim to a double of a genuine notary sitting nearby. But if the client prefers to use the services of a familiar notary public, it is unlikely that he will be able to escape from the tenacious hands of deceivers. Because in this case, false registration of a transaction in state registration authorities can be carried out. The scam partner will offer to bypass huge queues to arrange a deal through his "familiar" employees. It’s hard for fraudsters to refuse masterfully conducting such performances. As a result, the victim herself begins to persuade the scam participants to “solve the problem”, and even offers to pay extra for such a “good deed”. In the meantime, there is a false registration (within an hour and a half), and the buyer gave his passport, the dealers have time to go to the bank and remove from custody the money that the buyer put there to ensure the security of the transaction. It ends with the fact that the victim’s money disappears, and such transactions are considered null and void.

What to do?
Under the pretext of reducing taxation when registering the purchase and sale of an apartment, an understated price is often indicated in the contract. And after the entire amount has already been received, the sellers find an excuse to terminate the transaction and return the amount specified in the contract. Get all the money back is almost impossible. Therefore, carefully study the contract before signing it.

Before transferring money, obtain an extract from all tenants from the purchased apartment.

All necessary documents must be presented at the time of purchase. Here is a list of these documents:

* title documents for property (privatization, purchase and sale, donation, exchange, inheritance agreements, certificate of ownership, certificate of housing cooperative registered in the committee of municipal housing);
* Help BTI (explication);
* extract from the house book;
* copy of financial personal account;
* certificate of absence of debts for utilities;
* permission from the spouse to purchase or alienate real estate;
* additional permits (if people with limited legal capacity live);
* contracts of previous transactions with the apartment;
* certificate of payment of real estate tax.
Source: https://juliki.ru/flats/81-pokupka.html

 

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Hay casos frecuentes en que las transacciones inmobiliarias no se realizan sin problemas. Por ejemplo, una persona adquiere un departamento de otra. Y el contrato parece estar redactado correctamente y firmado por ambas partes, y el proceso de compra y venta se realizó sin dificultades. Sin embargo, después de un tiempo, de repente resulta que el ex propietario no tuvo en cuenta los intereses de sus hijos en la privatización de la vivienda. Y desde el punto de vista de la ley, simplemente se quedaron sin un espacio vital, aunque, por supuesto, en teoría podrían tener otro apartamento.

Si estos niños (que ya han alcanzado la mayoría de edad) declaran sus derechos sobre el apartamento, la transacción probablemente terminará. Es entonces cuando comienza el largo proceso de devolución de su dinero a través de la corte. ¿Vale la pena mencionar que estas situaciones a menudo las juegan los estafadores, especialmente cuando se trata de grandes ciudades y capitales?

Por supuesto, para evitar tales malentendidos y comprar un apartamento en Moscú sin complicaciones, debe conocer algunas reglas simples que le permitirán protegerse de sorpresas desagradables:
1. Debe preguntarle a ZhEU cómo se llevó a cabo correctamente la privatización de la propiedad que le interesa.

2. Si ofrece mucho dinero por su apartamento o le ofrece un apartamento a un precio ridículo, entonces es muy probable que sea una oferta de estafadores. ¿Es necesario decir que nadie se separó voluntariamente de su dinero y tampoco abarató la venta de bienes inmuebles? Nadie, excepto los estafadores, que organizan todo de tal manera que aún les deba una suma considerable.



3. A menudo, los estafadores utilizan un método que se parece a una situación más o menos real. Por ejemplo, un estafador vende un departamento a alguien y luego va a la corte con una solicitud para invalidar la transacción por una razón u otra.
El dinero en este caso se devuelve al comprador, por supuesto. Pero el truco es que el contrato indica una cantidad mucho menor que la que realmente se pagó. Y demostrarle al tribunal que pagó diez veces más por el apartamento que lo indicado en el contrato de venta es muy problemático, casi irreal.

4. Otro esquema de engaño bastante común: un estafador vende un departamento y luego declara que no será emitido porque no tiene a dónde mudarse. Y le pide a la corte que invalide la transacción.

El tribunal se pone del lado del comprador o vendedor, decidiendo que es necesario devolver el dinero al comprador de bienes inmuebles. Pero los estafadores en este caso a menudo afirman que el dinero recibido ya se ha gastado, y acuerdan pagarlo de su salario mensual.
Nuestras leyes son tales que no se puede deducir más del 30 por ciento de los salarios, por lo que pagar el precio total de un apartamento puede llevar unos 50 años, y a veces mucho más.
Fuente: https://www.egsnk.ru/articles/id789/

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Gracias informativo.

 

[Турабян Владимир]

GRACIAS, SIGLO - EN VIVO, SIGLO - ¡APRENDA!

 

[Частный детектив Самара.]

"No tuvo en cuenta los intereses de sus hijos en la privatización de la vivienda. Y desde el punto de vista de la ley, simplemente se quedaron sin vivienda, aunque, por supuesto, en teoría podrían tener otro apartamento". Entonces, ¿de dónde sacas esta información? Existe un departamento de tutela y administración fiduciaria, probablemente haya escuchado que ni un solo notario público, ninguna Cámara de Registros le emitirá un acuerdo sin el consentimiento de la organización mencionada anteriormente. En general, es muy fácil sortear el esquema del contrato, pero por una razón u otra, la cantidad menor se indica en el contrato, requiere que el vendedor transfiera fondos a su cuenta por el mismo número que firmó el contrato. Y si el vendedor solicita la devolución del apartamento por el monto especificado en el contrato, puede probar fácilmente el precio real.
"Debe preguntarle a la Autoridad de Administración de Vivienda sobre cómo se llevó a cabo correctamente la privatización de la propiedad que le interesaba". No entiendo esto en absoluto, ¿qué tiene que ver el zheu con eso? Toda la información está en un lugar completamente diferente, dime dónde, querido abogado. Escríbete no sabes qué: mal:

 

[Плотников Юрий Михайлович]

¡Gracias!

 

[Арсен]

Existe una literatura interesante sobre este tema: 1. TRANSACCIONES INMOBILIARIAS 2) DERECHOS Y OPERACIONES INMOBILIARIAS
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