Echelon

[Объединенное Детективное Бюро]

Space exploration

The desire of military leaders to observe the battlefield from above has always been. In ancient times, generals followed the battle, usually from a hill. In Napoleon's time, the French used balloons to observe the enemy before and during the battle. They did the same in the USA during the Civil War of 1861-1865. In World War I, in the interests of intelligence, photographing the front line from airplanes and airships was used. In World War II, aerial reconnaissance of enemy positions has already become an integral part of warfare. After the invention of space rockets and the recognition of the extraterritorial status of outer space, the era of spy satellites began.
The military has had space observation systems for almost half a century. Since then, spy satellites armed with conventional or infrared photo, film and television cameras, electro-optical scanners or other equipment have been launched by hundreds of all space powers. Space intelligence, like any other, is designed to obtain legally inaccessible information about the activities of other states. It differs from other types of technical intelligence only in the way of locating data collection facilities.
Space-based surveillance technology has unique advantages that make space reconnaissance in many ways indispensable. Since the internationally recognized sovereignty of states extends only to the atmospheric space above their territory, reconnaissance satellites can quite legitimately approach any object in this territory at a distance of about 100 kilometers, no matter how far it is from state borders. In addition, the satellite’s motion path periodically passes over all points of the Earth’s surface in the latitude band determined by the inclination of the working orbit, which allows for global observation using a small number of simultaneously functioning devices.
The main advantages of space intelligence include:
- global observation;
- unimpeded flight over any region of the Earth;
- a relatively short reconnaissance time for specified areas or objects;
- high frequency of observation.
Spacecraft systems are divided into reconnaissance and auxiliary.

Reconnaissance satellite systems

Optical intelligence
The first area of space reconnaissance was optical surveillance systems, which were the logical development of aerial photography. The task of obtaining satellite images can be divided into two parts: the organization of direct photography and the transmission of information received to Earth.
Of the three technical solutions worked out - television shooting, photographing with the manifestation of a film in orbit and photography with the return of the exposed film to Earth - the last method gave the best detail. True, unlike the others, he demanded a solution to the problem of the safe return of the footage to Earth. The Americans solved the problem of delivering the captured film as follows. The container with the film “shot off” from orbit and had to slowly descend with a parachute opening in the upper atmosphere. To “intercept” such a container, a special plane was sent to a given area. Despite all the technical exoticism of such a scheme, it worked quite successfully until about 1972. Starting from satellites of the KH-11 ELINT (Electronic Intelligence) type, intelligence has already become electronic, and the received images (including in the infrared spectrum) were transmitted from orbit to special receiving stations via radio waves.
The first Soviet reconnaissance satellite Cosmos-4 was launched on April 26, 1961 with the help of the Vostok-D spacecraft - the same as the ship on which Yuri Gagarin flew. Unlike the American satellites, the Vostok-D series satellites used a larger capsule containing both cameras and film to return to Earth. The satellite, which used electronic data transmission, providing real-time intelligence information, the Soviet Union put into orbit in 1982.
The most important indicator of satellite imagery systems is spatial resolution, which determines the minimum size of details visible on the Earth's surface. It is clear that no country wants to reveal the real possibilities of tracking the enemy and does not show its reconnaissance images. However, by evaluating the official data of geospatial product marketing companies (selling high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface for the benefit of civilian users), one can indirectly judge the accuracy of military satellites. So, the American civilian satellites WorldView and OrbView-5 have equipment for acquiring images with a resolution of 0.5 m, EROS-A (Israel) 1-1.8 m, SPOT-5 (France) up to 2.5 m, Formosat- 2 (Taiwan) 2 m, Resurs-DK (Russia) 1 m, Crtosat-2 (India) 1 m, Kopsat (Korea) 1 m.
The American military satellites KN-11A are attributed the ability to distinguish objects with a transverse size of less than 10 cm, which, according to experts, is the physical limit set by the properties of the atmosphere. This circumstance should be remembered whenever you encounter statements about the ability of reconnaissance satellites to read license plate numbers, and do not forget that license plate numbers are not written on the roofs. Although in fairness it must be said that there are a number of experts who argue that computer-based image enhancement theoretically has no resolution limit.

Radio listening systems
With all the details of space photography, optical images reveal only the appearance and location of the observed objects. Listening to radiation in the radio range makes it possible to more accurately determine the purpose of military objects, their characteristics and mode of operation. So, the registration of radiation from radar stations allows you to determine their range, sensitivity, volume covered, which facilitates the creation of electronic countermeasures. The intensity of the radio exchange between the headquarters and units of the armed forces qualitatively characterizes the mode of their functioning, and its sharp change may indicate a forthcoming regrouping of forces even before the corresponding changes are detected in optical images. Satellites with large parabolic antennas can receive signals from terrestrial radio stations, cell phones and radio relay transmission lines, being in fairly high and even geostationary orbits. Phone, fax, e-mail, radio and just pages on the Internet and the Intranet - all this can be intercepted and decrypted.

Radar systems
In contrast to passive radio listening systems that record the intrinsic emissions of objects, active systems themselves generate an irradiating beam of electromagnetic waves and, by receiving reflected waves, are able to capture objects that observe radio silence. Since the reflected signal contains information about both the distance to the object (delay) and its relative speed (Doppler frequency shift), processing the radar signal allows you to restore the image of the area, although not in the visible, but in the radio range. Thus, imaging locators are closer to optical reconnaissance systems.
It is important that radar systems allow you to receive images regardless of the lighting conditions and the presence of cloudiness, which is the main obstacle to optical shooting. The use of synthesized aperture antenna systems on modern satellites makes it possible to obtain a radar image of the Earth's surface and various objects with a resolution of up to 1 meter. In addition, the image features transmitted by such systems make it possible to obtain information inaccessible to optical reconnaissance satellites. For example, it is possible to reveal the structure of the bottom and internal currents at depths of up to 200 meters from the observed pattern of the sea surface. Therefore, such systems can even be used as a means of detecting submarines.

Missile warning satellites
The creation of intercontinental ballistic missiles in the USSR and the USA at the end of the 1950s forced each side to also develop means for detecting launches of such missiles by the other side, so as not to be taken by surprise by a possible attack.
The first systems of the so-called early warning relied on powerful ground-based radars that fix missiles after they appear due to the local horizon. Using the reflection of radio waves from the ionosphere allows you to look beyond the horizon, but in this case, the maximum achievable power of the emitter limits the detection range to two to three thousand kilometers and the maximum warning time using ground-based systems is 10-15 minutes before arrival. Observation from near-Earth orbit, in principle, makes it possible to detect a rocket almost immediately after launch by radiation from the exhaust jet of the engine. The increase in warning time achieved in this case increases from 15 to 30 minutes, which significantly increases the likelihood of a retaliatory strike towards the nuclear aggressor.
Satellite Assistance Systems

Communication satellites
The communications and command and control system is an essential link in the organization of the armed forces, ensuring their functioning as a whole.
Military communications satellites are indispensable components in the organization of both strategic and operational command and control. Work in the field of development of communication technologies was carried out literally from the first steps of a person on the path of space exploration, and primarily in the interests of the military. I must say that although the military earlier than others realized the importance of space as a tool for the global communication system, the civilian population now uses satellites no less intensively and productively. Today, a huge family of telecommunications satellites provides television, radio and Internet broadcasts, serving quite peaceful purposes. However, if an ordinary person can easily do without satellite television and a telephone, then a cruise missile is unlikely to be able to hit the target located hundreds of kilometers, if it is deprived of communication with space.

Satellite navigation systems
Today, there are two such systems in the world: the American GPS (GlobalPositionSistem) and the Russian GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System), which is currently not fully operational, as it is in the process of recovery. The initial purpose of these systems is military, but now civilians in various fields of activity can use this remarkable achievement of human thought. Although recently, Americans have been advocating making access to the GPS system paid. The main problem is that the United States can turn off the system at any time for everyone but itself. And during military conflicts involving the United States, this has already happened more than once. GPS navigation signals have a rather complicated encoded form, and a simple change of the encoding key “kills” all civilian receivers, leaving the military quite functional. This situation does not suit not only the PRC, which is ready to help Russia restore GLONASS, but also a united Europe, aimed at creating its own global positioning system - Galileo.

Geodetic satellites
Geodetic satellites are designed to accurately determine the shape of the Earth and the configuration of its gravitational field. These data are important both for scientific purposes and for the compilation of accurate topographic maps and guidance of long-range missiles.

Meteorological satellites
The meteorological situation affects not only peaceful, but also military activities. Not to mention the need to take into account weather conditions when planning training or combat activities of the armed forces. The presence or absence of cloudiness determines the ability to perform reconnaissance photography, and the accuracy of pointing the warheads of modern ICBMs requires taking into account air temperature and wind speed in the target area. Thus, military users need meteorological observations from satellites even more than civilians.

New applications for satellite intelligence
At the beginning of the 21st century, in addition to observing a wide range of targets of interest to various structures related to military intelligence in one way or another, satellites proved to be useful in other purely civilian spheres. Namely, in telecommunications, meteorology, oceanography, global navigation, agricultural planning, transportation, etc.
The high quality of images of the Earth’s surface allows us to solve numerous economic problems, such as mineral exploration, clarification of cadastral estimates and the ecological status of specific sections of the Earth’s surface, and assessment of damage caused by natural disasters and emergencies.
Many of the declassified images are currently available on the Internet, and therefore it is extremely difficult to control all areas of use of this information. However, it is now clear that the economic effect of using space programs can be estimated at hundreds of billions of dollars, and very many countries, realizing this, are hastily increasing their efforts to create their own satellite constellations.

Satellites in the Information War
In connection with the development of global space monitoring capabilities, in particular, monitoring the economic activities of states and global control of information traffic, in the near future it will appear very real the emergence of new tactics and strategies for the use of information weapons.
Currently, under the orders of the US Defense Ministry, as part of the implementation of projects to build a national missile defense system (NMD), powerful ground-based and space-based surveillance information systems are being created, for example, a Global Infomation Grid (GIG) -type system. These systems can organize total information control in the interests of the US economy and provide global business benefits to American business.
In other words, a new super-powerful channel can be created for the selective receipt of valuable economic information (for example, on the availability of nuclear fuel at any nuclear power plant, the condition of crops, the presence and movement of vehicles, the reserves of rare-earth metals, gold, and other information on the economic processes taking place in the world) . As a result, companies armed with such information will gain overwhelming benefits in the global economy. Against the background of the further accelerated development of the Internet in the USA, such an economic weapon of total information access may turn out to be “invincible”.
To characterize the power of such weapons, it is enough to note that the manipulation of unique intelligence information can depreciate the capitalization of key companies, ruin any state, bring down any currency, undermine almost any investment project, that is, everything that relies on more or less illusory virtual assessments.
In addition, information weapons may also be obviously more effective than deploying combat systems in space based on well-known physical principles. In other words, in the 21st century, the main cosmic threats from the United States may not consist in attacks from space (using laser or beam weapons) and not even in large-scale information support of the army, navy and air force, but in the monopolization of the right to use defamatory information weapons.
The fact that, given the lack of money for NMD (national missile defense), the United States continues to delay this project, allows us to conclude that, perhaps, it pursues other goals. It is important to keep in mind that since traditional military means for shooting from space are not suitable, fundamentally new types of space weapons are being created. In this light, not the least place may be taken by a new economic weapon, based on global information and space surveillance and economic intelligence systems.

Conclusion
Although space intelligence does not replace nuclear deterrence, which continues to be the cornerstone of the global security system, it is of strategic importance. A country devoid of reconnaissance satellites is becoming blind and deaf.
According to analysts, the current state of Russian space intelligence does not provide informational equality in many areas of the life of the world community: political, scientific, technical, economic and, of course, military, and therefore poses a threat to Russia's national security. Nevertheless, our country to this day possesses unique technologies, as well as scientific and production potential, capable of making a qualitative breakthrough in the development of space technologies. In particular, to develop a fundamentally new satellite system using nanotechnology, allowing you to create microsatellites (up to 5 kg) and build on their basis unique invulnerable satellite networks with a large number of devices.
It is clear that in the context of the financial crisis and the large number of unresolved problems in the country, it is very difficult to assess the priority significance of a particular area of financing. However, the amounts of funds that other countries invest (and there are already over 30) in the creation of their own satellite systems once again confirm the thesis that space can become one of the locomotives that can pull our economy out of the crisis and raise national security to the appropriate level .

[DLMURL] https://www.razvedinfo.ru/content/space [/ DLMURL]

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Re: Space Intelligence

Thank!

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

ECHELON


The Pentagon has denied RTR’s allegations that the US military base in Kyrgyzstan at Manas Airport is being used to electronically spy on Russia and China. In the film of RTR special correspondent Arkady Mamontov, shown the day before and dedicated to the activities of Americans in Kyrgyzstan, it was stated that the base station hosted the Echelon electronic espionage station.

The activities of this global system, which was created in 1947 by intelligence agencies of the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand as part of the UKUSA agreement, caused many scandals in the past. She was accused of invading the privacy of citizens and striving to bring civil society under total control. New Zealand journalist Nicky Hager was the first to draw attention to the problem in a series of investigations in which he claimed that with the help of Echelon, US intelligence agencies (namely the NSA National Security Agency) intercept 2 billion telephone and Internet messages daily.

But the most high-profile accusations against the NSA were made when it became known that the Americans were using the system for industrial espionage against European countries.

For example, information obtained with the help of Echelon helped the United States wreck a $ 6 billion contract for the supply of Airbus aircraft from France to Saudi Arabia. In April 2001, a hearing was held in the European Parliament on this issue, where experts who participated in the creation of a global espionage system spoke and discussed the legitimacy of such activities against European states.

Tier 2

However, the September 11, 2001 attacks changed the situation. The special services of European countries began to work more closely with the American ones, the problem of global surveillance has faded into the background, and since then they have not publicly remembered Echelon.

At the same time, technological progress began to work against this system. The huge Echelon stations, the distinguishing feature of which were giant satellite dishes, were built for satellites that took information using radio interception. But since the world began to use fiber-optic networks, the signal of which is thus impossible to intercept, the century of these stations has ended.

As James Bamford, the chief specialist in this subject, writes in The Shadow Factory, in 2008 the Echelon station in the UK in Bude was closed. Previously, it housed two 90-foot (about 30 meters) satellite dishes.

By 2001, it was believed that the Echelon consists of 120 systems, 40 of which worked with satellites belonging to Western European countries. The system “listened” to all underwater telecommunications connecting Europe with Africa, intercepted all communications between Europe and the USA. In 1995, the NSA began using the Internet tracking system, which made it possible to listen to all information exchanges on the Web. According to some reports, with the help of stations in Britain and Germany it was possible to remove information from the territory of European countries.

In addition to the technical obsolescence of electronic espionage systems, Echelon proved to be ineffective in the fight against terrorism. Not only did the global surveillance system not help prevent 9/11 attacks, but the information obtained with Echelon was also impossible to use in the courts against American citizens suspected of terrorism due to the 4th amendment to the US Constitution.

As far as you can understand, now the old Echelon station system is being phased out, but this does not mean that global electronic espionage has come to an end.

The system, replacing the former, covers more countries. It received the name "Echelon-2" and is based on a voluntary partnership of the USA with European and other countries of the world. Now the United States has begun to rely more on the information of partners who are building their own interception and processing centers, such as Mexico and Canada (an agreement on the construction of such a station in Mexico was signed in 2006). Including because the information received by partners can be used in American courts.

Nevertheless, there is no evidence that the stations of the "old" Echelon system were deployed in Kyrgyzstan. And from a purely technical point of view, this is unlikely: huge satellite dishes would be visible from afar, especially since they would not fit in a small 2-story building, which Arkady Mamontov demonstrated in his film.

Our answer

The system of global interception of information that existed in the USSR, known as the SOUD (Service for Combined Accounting of Data on the Adversary), which included the countries of the eastern bloc and Vietnam, Mongolia, Cuba, significantly weakened after 1991 for natural reasons.

The main outpost of this system abroad was our electronic espionage center in Lourdes, Cuba. In 1993, Cuban Defense Minister Raul Castro said that about 75% of intelligence information Russia continues to receive through the center in Lourdes. The second important facility was a radio interception center in Cam Ranh Bay in Vietnam. Thus, Russia covered the territory of the United States, and could monitor electronic space in Southeast Asia, where American military bases are located.

Under President Yeltsin, the relevant agreements were extended, and in 1997 Kamran was even modernized, but later Russia’s ambitions in this area were put to an end. In October 2001, President Putin announced at a meeting of the Ministry of Defense that Russia was withdrawing Lourdes and Camran bases. In Cuba, the Chinese soon took the place of Russian specialists.

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Global Tracking Systems (Echelon, SORM, etc ..)

ECHELON, SORM, etc ..


Many of us have heard about the surveillance system (or globally espionage, or rather a few) Echelon, but maybe not everyone knows its history, and what it really is ... Let's try to figure it out. We dig into a little bit, for a start .... The system was still born during the Cold War, or rather, it was somewhere around 1945. It was then that then US President Harry Thurman set himself the task of intercepting all the radio signals ... that came from the great and “terrible” Soviet Union. But to organize such a large-scale project yourself The United States alone was not possible. It needed money, a lot of money and various comprehensive support. According to some information, during the Second World War, between the intelligence services of America and Britain, there was an unofficial pact for the exchange of ramifications, which served as the reason for the conclusion in 1943 called the "BRUSA Agreement." Later, countries such as Canada, New Zealand, Australia joined the project. This was all due to the advantageous geographical the position of the participating countries. After three years (1948), the UKUSA agreement was signed (the reason for signing was the outdated BRUSA protocol, the content of the Cold War did not suit the parties very much), which stated that the basic rights to use the system belong to the USA and Great Britain, the rest of the countries were minor holders of the package, in short they were left overboard. The text of this agreement is still classified and is unlikely to be available to the public soon. The agreement was signed, work began. All work went smoothly and successfully, the creators began to have ambitious plans. not only towards the USSR, I wanted more. They began to think about enveloping the entire globe with control points. And a few years later (somewhere 1960-1970) the NSA presented to the UKUSA participants "Project P-415" which resulted in an espionage system with the name Echelon: From the moment the Echelon arrived, its circle of goals was limited. The main goal was to monitor various state bodies, non-state enterprises, etc. The objects of the system were to expand over time. By the beginning of the 90s, the system was seriously upgraded. They improved stations, built new points, launched new spy satellites. Since 1995 Over the years, Echelon takes control of the negotiations of the Europeans, it is from this period that mass espionage begins.

Echelon stations are usually quite mobile, and this is not surprising. In general, an agreement is made between the states and the owners of the system to establish such a wiretap, so to speak, the rightful way .... But in my opinion, all this was often built and is being built without these agreements. For the construction of stations, a certain geographic location is selected so that the station can monitor a certain territory. As an example of the Echelon station, consider the station in Menvif Hill, code name "Field Station F-83." It has about 25 satellite terminals and where 19.8
square kilometers of buildings stuffed with modern technology (Edak is modest, mobile ....). It was founded in 1950 in the North of the Yorkshire Heath, above Harrogate, on the land purchased by the Crown under the Royal Air Force base. Namely F-28 is one of the largest in the world of espionage bases. The base was primarily aimed at intercepting international commercial communications on the ILC (International Leased Carrier) network used by banks and firms for payments, but in the 1970s it was reprofiled. Under the Steeplebush I and II programs, the F- base 83 began to take information from satellites. They say that the space base is like a green lawn, on which golf balls are scattered (This is how the protective Kevlar caps Radom look like.) These caps protect sensitive antennas. On the F-28 it works about 1.400 engineers, physicists, linguists, mathematicians, computer scientists and 370 employees of the Ministry of Defense. The modest F-83 station has staff equal to the entire MI-5, the British Empire’s state security service.


At the first time, when the Echelon began to exist, it was completely classified, and this is not surprising .... But very soon the general public became aware of it .... Moreover, the secret services themselves burned it ... ..Therefore, their former agents .... Bill Blick told all over the world that the Australian intelligence service Defense Signals Directorate (DSD) is analyzing and processing data for the Echelon system. He also said that all the data goes to the USA and Great Britain ... After some time, another intelligence veteran could not resist ... He could not resist and gave journalists a little an interview in which it was reported that a ground-based interception station is located near Munich .... From his words "We could hear what they are talking in Ukraine in an undertone" .. Well, the US authorities thought they refused to comment on this ... ..A few more years later, James Woolsey, one of the CIA’s representatives, gave an interview to one of the American magazines, in which he confirmed the information about the Echelon. He also said that the United States uses it for economic In 1984, New Zealand explorer Owen Wilkers reported on the existence of a secret electronic espionage station 150 kilometers from the country's capital (Wellington) in Tangimoana Beach. Responding to a parliamentary request received on June 12 of the same year, the Prime Minister Robert Muldoon recognized this information as truthful and called the deputies the name of the largest New Zealand intelligence agency.

Now we’ll try to consider the principle of operation of this system ... .. Precisely, all the details of its structure and action are not known (although we may know of some of the people, but not for us). We will be guided even by the knowledge available to us about this project .... So , the structure of the Echelon has changed several times since its inception ... Expert Danksen Campbell states that this system most likely consists of the following components:

1 Intelsat satellite control component
2 Vortex satellite control component
3 Component dealing with ground interception.

Now, as we know, the satellites use spyware and ground stations to intercept data, and there are quite a lot of them at present (according to some rumors there are more than 150). The intercepted data gets into an extensive computer network in which the received information is analyzed. According to intelligence Some countries use Cray computers for analysis. An extensive network consists of a large number of computers scattered around the globe. This network is presumably called Dictionary. (Nikuyase dictionary). Each computer contains a database of keywords divided into categories. in the database there are not only keywords, but also expressions, and even voice tones. The whole principle is similar to collecting information by Internet systems, except that the Echelon works in real time, and it is already permissible in the process of conversation it decides whether it is interesting to him or not. Echelon “ it is known ”a lot of languages, slangs (naturally professional, let's say arms dealers, drug dealers), special lex who knows the names, nicknames and nicknames of the leading people of the world. Also, according to experts, the NSA experts have learned to take a so-called fingerprint, which in their opinion is as unique as a fingerprint. According to the available voice sample, any voice can be identified from a stream of voices. For all this joy, we use nakiya programs like "Classical Bullseye" and "Pusher" - interception of high-frequency signals, "Steeplebush", "Runway" and "Moonpenny" - interception of satellite communications, "Voicecast" - recognition of voice messages, and also the identification of speakers.
Also, according to experts, the NSA received keys from Microsoft, Netscape, and other computer software companies, or, to put it another way, so-called bookmarks that allow interested parties to identify everything, even anonymous messages. In addition, the Echelon, like, able to identify almost all traffic in the world. It seems like Echelon is able to process about three billion messages per day. The whole globe is divided into certain areas, each of which is controlled by a certain center. As we understand, when the necessary information skips, then it gets to the right people .... As it seems, today the system monitors quite a lot of phone calls, messages, all over the world. (And what is really not known there). In space, it seems, quite a lot of spy satellites fly. In fact, all the data transmitted via the Internet to them until now, the USA is trying to convince that the data about Echelon is greatly exaggerated, but the documents are not in a hurry to declassify. But on the other hand, this and the truth can be exaggerated. How many terrorist attacks are occurring that are not prevented .... Too much? And conspiracies? But on the other hand it may have been conceived, we don’t know. But nevertheless, many experts agree that Echelon is not used for what is known to the public. It is likely industrial and political espionage.

If you think logically, then if the special services that are not involved in the project know enough about Echelon, then they can and will defend themselves from Echelon tracking. Not everything is so simple .......

You can still write a lot about Echelon, but for now ... all the information may be supplemented

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Global Tracking System

Echelon

Unlike other electronic espionage systems, the Echelon supernet, whose very existence was denied before 1998, was originally not intended to intercept military data. Its goals are government bodies, public organizations and firms, politicians, bankers and entrepreneurs, public figures, and now ordinary citizens of every country in the world. The Echelon stations scattered around the planet collect an enormous amount of information, literally sucking up ether on a global scale. ALL email, ALL telephone conversations, including cell phones, paging messages, telexes, telegrams, faxes, radio and the Internet, are now the "information space" carefully probed by the Echelon. Everything that is transmitted via telecommunication networks - terrestrial, underground, underwater or fiber optic cables, radio communications - from telephone chatter to radar signatures for launching missiles - is intercepted by this network. In fact, every person in the world using a telephone, fax or email is monitored daily by the Echelon, although he does not even know about it.
... Before World War II, there was an unofficial intelligence-sharing pact between British and American intelligence. This practice led to the conclusion in 1943 of an official intelligence union, known as the "BRUSA Agreement." Towards the end of the 1940s, in preparation for the Cold War with the Soviet Union, the BRUSA protocol was outdated and was replaced by the UKUSA Agreement, ratified by the parties in 1947-1948.
To date, the following spy agencies in five English-speaking countries are included in UKUSA:
England - Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ);
USA - National Security Agency (NSA);
Canada - Communications Security Facility (CSE);
Australia - Communications Security Administration (DSD);
New Zealand - Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB).
In the late 1960s - early 1970s. The NSA presented to the UKUSA participants the “Project P-415” (Project P-415), which was implemented as the current Echelon network of global espionage operating today (and continuing to actively develop). Currently, in an environment of strict secrecy, the NSA is developing a new Tetrest (Storm) information-retrieval system - for secondary electromagnetic emissions and pick-ups (PEMIN) that inevitably occur during the operation of any electronic and computer equipment.
Echelon is not a single institution, like the CIA or the FSB; In the full sense of the word, the “echelon” is a complex, variously linked system of units. Within the Echelon network, individual subnets scattered around the world provide network-wide programs such as Classical Bullseye and Pusher — intercepting high-frequency signals, “Steeplebush”, “Runway”, and “Moonpenny” - intercepting satellite communications, "Voicecast" - recognition of voice messages, as well as identification of speakers.
The network is based on ground bases equipped with sensitive antennas similar to radio telescopes and satellite dishes. In addition, there are bases of a different kind, located near overhead, underground and underwater telecommunications, designed to remove the signal from conventional and fiber optic cables. Such sites exist not only in the UKUSA countries, but also in Denmark, Italy, Japan, China, Turkey, Puerto Rico, the Middle East and Africa. Also, according to unconfirmed reports, they are available on the island of Assenson in the Atlantic and the atoll of Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.
The main source of intelligence is international lntelsat communications satellites located in geostationary orbits, which are used by most telephone companies in the world and serve as transmitters of telephone conversations, faxes and e-mails. Five major tracking stations intercept the information transmitted by these satellites from one to another.
The British tracking station is located at the base of the Royal Air Force in Moruenstow (Morwenstow) in the north of the Cornish coast, on the tops of high cliffs. It picks up the signal from satellites hanging over the Atlantic, Europe and the Indian Ocean. The NSA station in Sugar Grove, in the mountains of West Virginia, covers the Atlantic of both American continents. Another NSA station is in Washington State, inside the Yakima Army training ground. She reads lntelsat traffic over the pacific ocean. Those Pacific lntelsat communications that are inaccessible to Yakima stations and the Indian Ocean control stations at Geraldton in Western Australia and about. Waihopai, New Zealand.
In addition, the Echelon includes another network of stations that reads regional satellite orbits that are not owned by Intelsat, in particular Russian ones. This is Menwith Hill in northern England, spying on Europe and Russia, Shoal Bay in the Australian province of Darwin, watching Indonesia, Leitrim station, Ottawa, watching Latin America, and Misawa base ( Misawa) in northern Japan.
The Menvif Hill station, codenamed "F-83 Field Station", with its 25 satellite terminals (not counting three under construction) and more than 19.8 square kilometers packed with state-of-the-art building electronics, is the hub of the Echelon network. Founded in the 1950s in the North Yorkshire Wold, above Harrogate, on land purchased by the Crown under the Royal Air Force base, the F-83 is the largest spy station in the world.
Initially, the F-83 was designed to intercept international commercial communications on the ILC (International Leased Carrier) network, used by banks and firms for payments. In the 1970s, it was redesigned. As part of the Steeplebush I and II programs, the F-83 base began to take information from satellites. From space, it looks like a green lawn, on which golf balls are scattered - this is how protective Kevlar caps look like - radoms with a complex surface architecture that protect sensitive antennas.
The F-83 employs 1,400 engineers, physicists, linguists, mathematicians, computer scientists and 370 employees of the Ministry of Defense. The modest F-83 station has a staff equal to the entire MI-5, the British Empire’s state security service ...
Station F-83 not only serves as the largest ear in the world, but also serves as a communication portal with the group of satellite spies of Anglo-America, including the main network that controls Eurasia - Vortex (Vortex). Every minute, three Vortex satellites hanging over the equator report real-time intelligence to the F-83. More modern, larger satellites Magnum and Orion (Magnum & Orion) are also controlled from the F-83.
But do not think that the "train" is occupied only by satellite interception. F-83 is at the same time the most powerful unit of classic radio espionage. It intercepts messages transmitted by microwave lines, shortwave and VHF signals used in military radio stations and walkie-talkies.
The key link here is the terrestrial microwave communications network, through which public service management teams are transferred, including diplomatic directives and the military command. These networks are connected continents. Heavy cables that lie on the seabed are safe for communications. But after they emerge from the water and join the microwave networks, they become unprotected from interception. Microwave networks consist of circuits located in the direct line of sight of antennas that transmit messages from one to another. These networks cover countries. It’s easy to remove information from them. For this, by the way, according to unconfirmed reports (and what kind of a fool will confirm them ?!), complex receivers and powerful processors are used, supposedly secretly transported to foreign embassies of the UKUSA countries in diplomatic bags.
But the most important component of the Echelon is the NSA computer network, code name Platform, which interconnects 52 separate networks of supercomputers located in other parts of the world. The Platform Command Center is located in Fort Meade, Maryland, USA - the headquarters of the NSA. The computer networks of the local Echelon networks are searching in millions of intercepted messages for those that contain codewords. Thanks to highly organized system support, data management is fully automated, and the coordination of stations in a single network is such that the central organs of the system have almost instant access to all relevant information from around the world.
As soon as supercomputers of a separate network find a keyword - name, name, phone number, telex, fax, e-mail address, voice "fingerprint", which is individual for each person, like fingerprints, this message is specially marked with a code of four code digits - and sent to the database. Before sending, the computer automatically records the message details - time / place of interception, addressee / sender, type of communication.
In the mid-1990s, Echelon computers were not able to automatically recognize and turn speech into text and recorded telephone conversations by the parameters of outgoing / receiving and duration. But by the beginning of the millennium, the problem was solved, and the Collection / Transcription Analysis and Reporting division (C / TAR) appeared in Menvif Hill, which has two departments: 1 - Russia and the countries of the former USSR and 2 - of the rest of the world.
You are now warned. Be vigilant: no matter where you are, no matter who you are, Big Brother is watching you, controlling almost every written or spoken word that you transmit through communications. Cryptography today, alas, is becoming like literacy in the Middle Ages ...
But how can drug traffickers and terrorists, organized criminal communities and gangs, illegal porn business and other ulcers of this civilization exist and operate with such a transparency of the world? We would also like to ask this question if we had no fears that the Echelon was built to monitor respectable citizens. We are led to this paradoxical conclusion by the fact that, as revealed during the investigation of the special commission of the Civil Liberties Committee of the European Parliament (Interception Capabilities 2000 document), human rights organizations, Amnesty International are among the goals of Echelon ), Christian Mutual Assistance (Christian Aid) and civil liberties groups.
Confirms this fear and the set of keywords of one of the Echelon networks, first published by the American independent journalist Joseph Farah. In addition to the keywords that were natural for such a list, such as “murder”, “napalm”, “detonator”, etc., it also contained keywords and phrases: “privacy”, “Internet connection security”, “Janet”, “Java "," encryption "," communication "," dictionary "," Mac Internet Security "," keywords "," Lexis-Nexis "," corporate security "," Soros "and" PGP "(the name of the popular electronic encoder).
But when we move on to the third group of keywords, the fears turn into bewilderment, and then ... "Veggie", "Sayeret Tsanhanim", "nerd", "Steeplebush", "Hollyhock", "utopia", "Zen", " illuminati "," football "," ritual fetish "," Zone 51 "..? From this set one can hardly guess only about the meaning of the six trailing ones. Utopia, football, and Zen are understandable without explanation. "Zone 51" is the place where the remains of aliens and UFOs collapsed in Roswell in 1947 are supposedly located. The Illuminati is a secret revolutionary society that existed in Bavaria and partly in France, founded by Adam Weishaupt and defeated during the life of the founder. But what does intelligence have to do with it? And fetishes ?! After all, the dictionary of keywords of "Echelon" is by no means unlimited. How deciphering messages containing these words is not cheap at all ...
Would one of our interlocutors turn out to be right when he said: “The Echelon system is one of the tools of the information war being waged against the peoples of the planet, and the most likely prototype of the total tracking network along with the GPS global positioning system. With the merger of these systems into a single unit, the final the stage of construction of the world electronic concentration camp "?
Source - Link is not valid

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Global electronic interception

Echelon , Global electronic interception.

In 1984, New Zealand explorer Owen Wilkes first published information about the existence of 150 km north of the capital of this country - the city of Wellington, in the town of Tangimoana Beach, a secret electronic-espionage station. Responding to a parliamentary request received in connection with this, on June 12 of the same year, Prime Minister Robert Muldoon acknowledged this information as truthful, revealing to the deputies the name of the largest special service in New Zealand. Created under his patronage seven years earlier, this secret agency was named the Government Communications Security Bureau. A brief official document intended for the public stated that the BBPS is engaged in electronic intelligence - in other words, "intercepting communication lines in other countries." It also noted the close alliance of New Zealand, which de does not monitor its “friends in the South Pacific,” with the United States, Britain, Canada and Australia. Together, this “five” constitutes a powerful and highly secret intelligence community in the field of control over communication lines.

After Muldoon’s report in parliament, opposition leader David Lang, who will be the prime minister for the next five years in a month and a half, said about government data on the Tangimoana station: “Of particular importance to us is the decisive assurance that the station is fully controlled by the New Zealand government ...” However, even when he headed the office, Lang remained ignorant of "total control." He also did not know that from 1984 to 1987, the second most important post in the BBPS was held by a staff member of the US National Security Agency (NSA) Glen Singleton. At the headquarters of the New Zealand intelligence agency, he led the planning, reporting to US intelligence.

YOUNGERS IN ALLIANCE

The community of five radio intelligence formed over 50 years ago under the name UKUSA. Each year, the leaders of the Five gathered together to discuss issues of planning and coordination of activities in the areas of global intelligence. In 1984, the BPS headquarters was their meeting place - the new, spacious Freiberg Building on Aitken Street, opposite the Parliament Building. Among the most important guests were: Director of the NSA, Lieutenant General Lincoln Forer, head of the British Government Communications Headquarters (ShKPS) Peter Marycherch, head of the Canadian Communications Security Service (SBS) Peter Hunt, and chief of the Australian Department of Defense Communications (OOS) Tim James . New Zealand was represented by BBPS Director Colin Hanson. In the next three years, he had to convince his government of the need to approve the plan worked out at a secret meeting of the UKUSA members. The same very delicate “formalities” had to be overcome by his Australian partners.

Despite the closed nature of the Five meeting, its purpose later became known. As New Zealand scientist Nicky Hager notes in his Secret Power book, the agenda included plans to equip the BPS with new computer and communications tools that would allow Wellington’s intelligence to “integrate” its operations into a network controlled by the NSA. Immediately, certain important details were clarified regarding the role of New Zealand in the future, the latest for that time, top-secret global electronic intelligence network. In particular, for the needs of the NSA, additional electronic intelligence stations were needed - in the southern part of the Pacific region. With their help, by the end of the 80s it was planned to intercept satellite information, as well as observe from space the territories of other countries that are not members of UKUSA, primarily the USSR.

This is how the global Echelon system came about, whose activities in the field of espionage are now trying to investigate the European Union (EU).

After leaving the ANZUS military bloc and declaring New Zealand’s nuclear-free status, when access to the US Navy ships with atomic weapons on board was discontinued, cooperation under the UKUSA did not change much. Between Wellington and Washington continued the exchange of flows of secret intelligence. The bulk of the information received, including through the Echelon, went to the NSA, where the Americans themselves were engaged in their decryption and further use. And what did the New Zealand secret services receive?

Here are some paradoxical examples. In February 85th, in the BBPS, silent printers printed data, where literally every minute was a chronicle of the fighting between the troops of Iran and Iraq, Soviet maneuvers in Afghanistan were reported ... There was also information about all Libyan students in Britain and a lot of other very secret, but useless information from parts of the world far from Oceania. But among the reports and reports on international terrorism, there was not a word about the JES French intelligence agents who were already on their way to New Zealand at that time. They became the first foreign terrorists in this island country in its history to blow up the Greenpeace Rainbow Warrior ship.

A few weeks before the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the Wykhopai electronic intelligence station began operating near the Blenheim town of New Zealand on the South Island. As an integral element of the Echelon system, this powerful BBPS “ear” is a model of electronic espionage of the 21st century. According to Nicky Hager, by 1996, “after perestroika and glasnost,” the priorities characteristic of Wellington’s intelligence during the Cold War era had been replaced by more appropriate modern tasks. However, the reorientation of New Zealand was in line with the changes taking place among the overseas allies. This also applies to intelligence.

Some adjustment of the tasks of the BBPS did not affect his position as a “junior partner” in the UKUSA alliance. New Zealand intelligence, says Nicky Hager, trying to keep up with the times and justify his existence, focuses on collecting economic and diplomatic information - until the next Vietnamese or Falklands, when, as before, it will be ready to serve the alliance again. According to the scientist, the excessive secrecy surrounding the work of the Bureau remains its main drawback. Namely: secrecy feeds secret power, prone to corruption and prone to circumvent laws. In addition, the problem is still insufficient public control over the activities of special services. In this regard, the opinion of one of the Bureau’s employees is interesting: “Our secrecy is not for Russians, but for ordinary citizens. If they find out what we are doing, then the Bureau will be immediately closed.” Indeed, New Zealand always had good intelligence - but she hardly knew who the enemy was in this country. Especially in South Oceania.

INITIAL OBJECTIVES

The annual budget of the BBPS, as of the end of the 1990s. amounted to about $ 20 million. This is almost double the amount of funding for the New Zealand counterintelligence - the Security Service, officially engaged in domestic intelligence. Experts also include the Military Intelligence Directorate of the Defense Ministry Headquarters and the Special Aviation Service to the New Zealand special services community. The main consumer of BPS information in this community is the Bureau of External Evaluation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, which traditionally serves as the foreign intelligence agency.

The small in number of personnel, the Government Communications Security Bureau at first glance, can be attributed to bodies that only collect, and do not analyze, intelligence information. However, in fact, the BBPS has significant potential for developing “intelligence products” of operational value. In its units, data obtained by electronic interception are clothed in the form of special documents that satisfy customer requirements. First of all, these are information and analytical reports and reports necessary for planning and preparing intelligence operations. The effectiveness of the BBPS is based on the use of the latest technologies, a powerful computer base and the support of the allies of the UKUSA alliance.

One of the unexpected discoveries for BBPS mystery researchers was the discovery of the fact that the “Alliance of Five” electronically monitors Japanese diplomatic communications. In this country, the United States recently had more than a dozen radio intelligence stations. Both countries cooperate in the area of cooperation between special services, thanks to a bilateral agreement, the Far Eastern headquarters of the NSA settled in Tokyo. And suddenly it turned out that with the help of the BBPS, the processing of ciphers of the diplomatic department of Japan was carried out. At the same time, information was also recorded on which channel of the secret embassy connection of the Land of the Rising Sun the information was intercepted.

Work in the Japanese sector at BBPS began in 1981, when section K 3 appeared there. The NSA became the coordinator of this global network for processing and analyzing interception data. Some Japanese ciphers have a high degree of protection and are practically unbreakable. But simple ciphers, where one-time negotiation tables are not used, made embassy telegrams easy prey. At the same time, BBPS fell to deciphering the routine diplomatic communications between Tokyo and its missions throughout the Pacific, mainly telex communications. The Japanese sent the most “sensitive” information by space communications, which in New Zealand became possible to receive since 1989 after the construction of Waihopai Station.

Since the 90s, this station, having entered the Echelon system, has increased the BBPS "share" in the analysis of Japanese diplomatic cipher telegrams intercepted via spy satellites. One of the interception points, possibly, was the Misawa station located in Japan. The data that arrives at the BBPS headquarters is sorted by topic by linguists and analysts, translated into English and formatted as report notes according to UKUSA standards. For the first time, information about intercepted Japanese diplomatic correspondence and other espionage actions of the New Zealand BBPS was leaked to the press five years ago when an investigation was conducted into the activities of the Intelligence Operations Division of this intelligence agency.

It is the intelligence operations department (O) that processes the initial information received through Echelon stations to send reports to Wellington's overseas allies. For example, a computer system on Wykhopai “hooked” a fax sent by regular communication by the prime minister of a small island state of Kiribati to his political ally on some atoll in Oceania. If this is of interest, the text of the message is translated, included in the analytical summary and sent to the members of the Five. This is done by the section of department O.

The department consists of three departments - information gathering (C), relations with customers and consumers (L), among which there is the government of the country, as well as the department for the preparation of final intelligence products, which is the most important in the BBPS structure (K). The staff of department O, together with the employees of two radio interception stations, recently reached 120 people - about 60 percent of the entire staff of the Bureau. A few years ago, the department was led by Warren Tucker, who came to BBPS in 1982. And the aforementioned Glen Singleton, who completed his service at the NSA, headed K.'s department. Before that, he had already become a New Zealand citizen in the early 90's.

In the intelligence operations section, the KE and KR sections are engaged in the analysis and translation of information. A small section of IP consists of cryptanalysts whose job is to crack electronic security codes of “BPS penetration objects” (in other words, penetration into the secrets of encryption of other countries). At the request of the allies from the NSA and the ShKPS, the “regional” sections K 2 (Russian), K 3 (Japanese), K 4 (French) were formed in K branch, later they were included in the structure of KE and KR sections. The Russian section arose in 1980, a year later the Japanese section appeared, then in 1983 the French section (nuclear testing at the French training ground in South Oceania became its main object of interest). It can be noted that the founders of the Russian section were British communications intelligence officer Clive Comrie and linguist Barry O'Schia. For the absence of other purposes, K 2 was oriented towards surveillance of fishing vessels of the USSR in the southern hemisphere, and later provided information for the US computer database , which fixes the routes of all naval and civil ships of Russia.

TRANSLATION FROM "DICTIONARY"

The main and very specific purpose of the Waihopai station was to intercept messages continuously transmitted through the international satellite communications of the Intelsat system. In particular, in the second half of the 1990s. The Intelsat-701 spacecraft, launched in 1994 to a geostationary orbit above the intersection of the equator and the 174th meridian, became the object of BBPS tracking. This place is located north of New Zealand off the islands of Kiribati in the Pacific Ocean. In total, the Intelsat (International Organization of Satellite Telecommunications) system has about two dozen satellites hanging on a chain over the equator, through which the overwhelming majority of international telephone calls and fax, telex, and email communications are carried out. At the same time, the devices of the 701 and 703 series are capable of serving about 100 thousand subscribers. The new generation of satellites had a more directed and accurate radiation of antenna devices towards the southern hemisphere, which caused the need for new stations: the UKUSA alliance spying stations located north of the equator were unable to intercept the lines under the constellation of the Southern Cross.

Until recently, the name of the Echelon system (from the ECHELON cryptonym) was strictly classified. When this word first appeared on the pages of the press, intelligence of the "alliance of five", and many other secret departments were horrified. The public was no less shocked when it became known that computers at any point on the Echelon network were able to automatically process millions of intercepted messages in search of the necessary elements of information. To "catch" information of interest to intelligence, computer keywords, addresses, telephone or fax numbers are used in the computer memory. At the same time, interception takes place over the entire range of frequencies and communication channels.

Different types of Echelon computer systems, to put it simply, have their own special spyware Dictionaries as a search tool. The alliance has a clear separation of “spheres of influence” - each of the intelligence of the “five” has its own special list of keywords. Therefore, at any Echelon station, information captured on the air is sorted strictly by the addresses of the "customers". As Nicky Hager notes, this intelligence sharing option indicates that stations in New Zealand operate primarily as powerful automatic drives. Using these products, overseas allies limited the country's share, relatively speaking, in their consumption. New Zealanders do not even know what exactly was intercepted in the interests of the Allies by New Zealand stations.

In addition to monitoring satellite communications lines, other communications systems are being explored through Echelon. This does not include, as is commonly believed, a number of intelligence functions of communications troops. For example, elucidation of the technical characteristics of radar installations and weapons systems of other countries - in other words, of what electronic intelligence is usually engaged in, which is part of the armed forces. Echelon objects are also regional space communications systems in Russia and other countries.

Integrated into the global intelligence structure, US satellites take information from microwave land lines and local radio stations, including military communications. All of these “products” are usually passed through the “vocabulary system” of computers. Another element of the global electronic web is satellites that collect data from land lines for the needs of Echelon and probe the vulnerabilities of trunk cable communications with a protective sheath.

The analytical sections of department K, located on the 14th floor of the BBPS headquarters, often prepare translations from Russian. Jeff Holmes is one of the typical analysts and linguists of the Russian section of New Zealand intelligence. He graduated from the University of Otago in 1983. Three years later he turned to the Ministry of Defense, where specialists with knowledge of foreign languages were required. There he was noticed by people from the BBPS and offered a job in the Russian direction. As a result, he ended up in section K2. But only after a local counterintelligence issued him admission six months later. After that, he made a written commitment to the end of his life not to disclose information about BBPS. The text that he was required to sign had references to the criminal laws of New Zealand, but it was an exact copy of the document that had previously been adopted in all five intelligence services of the UKUSA alliance. Five years ago, he was the first BPS analyst to be sent to Fort Meade near Washington, where the NSA is located.

Closest to all BPS with the NSA connects the search "Dictionary" of the mysterious "Echelon" system. His program can read every word and number in all message texts that enter computers. Thousands of messages are processed in real time as they are received by interception stations. Although BBPS does not usually analyze telephone communications, this does not mean that the Bureau does not accumulate this “raw material” in the interests of other departments. All such information is transmitted from the stations to the Wellington Headquarters Information Center via the Telecom network in unencrypted form. From the Information Center (IC), the data is transmitted via optical fiber cables to the BPS computer database, which is connected to the terminals of department K of department O, where the information necessary for intelligence operations is selected.

A clear data selection system has been established between all Echelon services (intelligence services of UKUSA countries). At the same time, a task is given for each station to search for one or another specific information. At the same time, a specific consumer is stipulated, having the right of admission to the results of analytical work on a specific object. But operators dealing with the computer Dictionary do not have a complete list of keywords. Each search sheet belongs to a predefined tolerance category. BBPS also has its own vocabulary of key intelligence words - up to 50 on specific topics.

KEYS

Keywords (keys) can be very different: names of people, names of ships, organizations, countries, as well as characteristic terms. The keys are telephone and fax numbers, electronic Internet addresses belonging to individuals, businessmen, organizations or government services. In the computer Dictionary, keys are usually included in text elements - this makes it easier to find the information you need. A certain set of keys makes it possible not only to select valuable information, but also to filter out unnecessary ones. The whole system is controlled by the NSA, where decisions are made, including on the distribution of areas or areas of responsibility between members of the Echelon community.

Even if the information passed through the New Zealand terminals, after selection goes to other consumers, BBPS computers record the time and place of interception, each such “sender address” is recorded at the receiving station. If necessary, these source data can be verified by the consumer. For other "process participants" who do not have keys, such data is depersonalized. The parties gain access to them only upon request if they are motivated by the interests of national security.

Perhaps the only case in which the Echelon’s actions were investigated was the publication in July 1988 of the Cleveland-based American newspaper Plane Dealer, an article about wiretapping Senator Republican Strom Thurmond's telephone conversations. A possible place for electronic interception was Menvit Hill Station - the British element of the global network. Additional information about the "Echelon" told the commission of the US Congress Margaret Newsham, who once worked at the station Mentwit Hill, where there were at least a dozen computers serving the system. In June 1992, a group of current ShKPS employees shared information with an Observer correspondent, reporting on British intelligence espionage work against such reputable organizations as Amnesty International and Christian Aid. Some details of how the key search engine works have surfaced. But then the public did not yet know that the "Dictionary" is the property of the entire alliance of five electronic intelligence. Thus, it could be assumed that New Zealand was involved in Echelon's spy operations. However, only a few people in the BBPS leadership have accurate data on this, according to Nicky Hager.

Each “Dictionary” at alliance stations received a code designation depending on its “narrow” specialization. The list of keys at the Tangimoana object was encoded as FLINTLOCK. Perhaps today the role of BBPS in Echelon is not the same as it was in the 90s. The New Zealand government, led by Helen Clark, only six months in power, reiterated its commitment to non-participation in military blocs. However, apparently, the Labor cabinet does not own the keys to the FLINTLOCK lock. While the Echelon global system is in effect, it is possible that New Zealand intelligence supercomputers are “talking” about it over the phone.

In practice, when it comes to New Zealand’s national security issues as a “little sister” in the allied alliance, decisions are made not only in Wellington. According to experts, any of the current governments of the country is forced to reckon with a number of allied commitments. About 130 standing committees and working groups keep these issues under control. The Electronic Intelligence Alliance is the strongest link in this "secret power".

Source - https://nvo.ng.ru/spforces/2000-08-11/7_perehvat.html

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Re: Global Tracking Systems (Echelon, SORM, etc ..)

Thank! Very interesting.

 

[НСК-СБ]

Merci Sergey! Très intéressant! Mamontov a récemment regardé une base professionnelle à Manas! C'est sûr, ce n'est plus un secret - ils contrôlent la Sibérie et l'Extrême-Orient ... Et le droit international n'est pas un décret pour eux.

 

[Anonymous]

La troisième guerre mondiale (froide), déclenchée dans les années 70 du siècle dernier, continue et la Russie est en train de perdre cette guerre jusqu'à présent. La preuve en est la présence de conflits militaires locaux de l'alliance de l'OTAN sur le territoire de divers États, y compris le territoire de l'ancienne CEI (Tchétchénie, Daguestan, Ossétie, Abkhazie, Tadjikistan, Kirghizistan, Transnistrie, etc.).
Qu'est-ce que cela, sinon la poursuite de la guerre pour la possession des richesses naturelles de l'ex-URSS.
Les Américains ont besoin de réserves du complexe énergétique et énergétique, la Chine développe progressivement des terres agricoles vides.
La raison en est que la population de la Terre au cours des 100 dernières années a augmenté de plus de 6 fois.
[DLMURL = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1 % 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C_% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F_% D0% BC % D0% B8% D1% 80% D0% B0 "] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0% ... 1% 80% D0% B0 [/ DLMURL]
Mais les États doivent contenir cette horde ...

Terre au bord du désastre. L'humanité, comme un virus, se multiplie de façon exponentielle, mute et crée de plus en plus de nouvelles façons de détruire la planète.

 

[Lary]

Re: Space Intelligence

Le désir des chefs militaires d'observer le champ de bataille d'en haut a toujours été. Dans les temps anciens, les généraux regardaient la bataille, généralement depuis une colline. À l'époque de Napoléon, les Français utilisaient des ballons pour observer l'ennemi avant et pendant la bataille. Ils ont fait de même aux États-Unis pendant la guerre civile de 1861-1865. Dans la Première Guerre mondiale, dans l'intérêt du renseignement, on a utilisé la photographie de la ligne de front à partir d'avions et de dirigeables. Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la reconnaissance aérienne des positions ennemies est déjà devenue partie intégrante de la guerre. Après l'invention des fusées spatiales et la reconnaissance du statut extraterritorial de l'espace extra-atmosphérique, l'ère des satellites espions a commencé.

La situation dans le monde et dans les pays individuels se développe et nous ne pouvons pas voir la «guerre des étoiles» entre les pays, bien qu'ils soient probablement utilisés parce que l'utilisation de l'interaction entre différents satellites est indéniable. La contamination des "débris spatiaux" de l'orbite terrestre est également indéniable.
Les États et leurs partis politiques n'ont pas de slogans: «Nous sauverons l'orbite de la terre des ordures, car c'est le porche de la maison de notre terre», «Nous sommes pour l'orbite de la terre propre - nous en avons une», «Vous radiez, et qui contribuera à protéger notre orbite à part vous», "Je veux voir les étoiles, pas les débris en orbite", "Les gens ont de l'herbe qui pousse autour de la maison, mais les débris en orbite fermeront bientôt le soleil."