Actual information.
The trouble is that there are very few forensic centers for conducting such examinations and the examinations are expensive.
And our colleagues, the investigator, need to take a more serious approach to the issues of the appointment of such examinations, to the preparation of materials before the appointment of the examination.
Here are some guidelines on this:
phonoscopic examination
Transmission of sound material for phonoscopic examination.
Recommendations to investigators
The recommendations are of interest, primarily for investigators, since they present the most common errors in transferring sound materials for phonoscopic examination. It also provides expert advice on reducing these errors.
The interaction of experts and employees of the preliminary investigation in the preparation of materials and the appointment of phonoscopic examinations should be aimed at reducing the production time for this type of assessment and increasing the efficiency of using the results of phonoscopic studies in criminal cases.
When posing questions by the investigator, the expert often does not indicate the boundaries of the phonograms to be investigated, although phonograms that are not related to this criminal case are also present on the recording medium. There are cases when the phonogram arrives for examination in a sealed envelope immediately after its removal, bypassing the procedural stage of the examination, when the investigator ordering the examination did not listen to it.
The maximum number of questions from the list given in the directory is put for examination, without taking into account the specific circumstances of the case, or the questions are copied from a previous decision in another criminal case. Moreover, the solution of a number of issues does not establish, but only confirms reliably known facts; such questions are superfluous and significantly increase the time taken for the examination. For example, there is no need to identify by voice and speech the injured or operational employee participating in the ORM, as they do not deny and will not deny their participation in this conversation. There is no need to establish the acoustic characteristics of the room in which the phonogram was recorded, if the place of recording was reliably known. There is no need to establish the literal content of a conversation that does not carry useful information for the case, etc.
Significantly increases the time for the production of examinations untimely provision by the investigator of the requested materials. Often, samples of voice and speech that are not suitable for comparative research are submitted for examination, equipment and information on the recording conditions are not provided. There are cases of deterioration in the quality of phonograms when copying, when extracting sound files, which reduces the effectiveness of phonoscopic studies.
The aforementioned shortcomings significantly increase the time required for conducting expert examinations and reduce the effectiveness of using the results of phonoscopic studies in criminal investigations.
To avoid these shortcomings, investigators are advised of the following.
Prior to the appointment of the examination, it is necessary to inspect the phonogram. During its inspection, in addition to the external description of the recording medium, it is necessary to listen to the phonogram and indicate in the inspection protocol its location on the recording medium, the time and verbal boundaries of the conversation recorded on the phonogram, if possible bring its verbatim content or briefly outline the main content.
When appointing a phonoscopic examination, a copy of the inspection protocol of the phonogram should be sent along with the decision on the appointment of the examination.
Originals of phonograms must be sent for examination. In the case of receiving a phonogram directly in digital form, a digital copy of it in the form of a sound file is submitted for research, while transcoding, compression, changing the sampling frequency and other changes in the format of the sound file are not allowed.
When appointing an examination, it is also necessary to provide information on the circumstances of the recording.
To obtain information about the circumstances of the recording, the person making the recording must be questioned on the following issues:
when and where was the sound recording made;
in what acoustic environment;
what sound recording equipment was used;
where was the microphone;
what operating modes of the sound recorder were used;
a copy of this or the original record;
what equipment was used for copying;
whether the recording was continuous or interrupted;
how many persons participated in the recorded conversation and their relative position, as well as on other issues, depending on the specific circumstances of the case.
Information on the circumstances of the recording in the form of a certificate should be sent along with the decision on the appointment of the examination.
When establishing the boundaries of phonograms to be investigated, it is necessary to determine those conversations or their parts in which there is information relevant to the case. Phonograms or parts of phonograms that are not relevant to the case should be excluded at the stage of their examination or when posing questions for examination.
When posing a question for research for signs of installation, it is necessary to provide the equipment with which the phonogram was obtained, or indicate in the decision or in writing to inform about the impossibility of providing it.
Despite the available methodological recommendations, the most difficult is to obtain samples of voice and speech for identification research. Therefore, before selecting samples of voice and speech, it is recommended to consult with experts.
: shock:: lol:
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