An interesting program about industrial espionage

[Бедеров Игорь Сергеевич]

 

[Борис Вячеславович]

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[Плотников Юрий Михайлович]

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[Бедеров Игорь Сергеевич]

Watching the money. How the National Security Agency monitors the global financial systems.
Authorized translation of an article by Laura Poitras, Marcel Rosenbach and Holger Stark, published in Shpiegel magazine.

Events are taking their course, the NSA received legislative permission to wiretap phones, collect metadata and other operations that Snowden spoke about. Edward Snowden himself appeared from an informational looking glass. In recent days, three events have happened at once. Edward Snowden arrived in Moscow with his father, Lon Snowden. Also, the other day, he met for a prize with a group of retired American intelligence officers who became famous for speaking out against their departments. Earlier, the same prize received Julian Assange. By the way, his closest associate was the organizer of the visit of American retirees to meet with Snowden. We learned from Anatoly Kucherena that it is difficult for Snowden to have money, and he wants to get a job. In the United States, intelligence officials, after analyzing leaks officially at Senate hearings, expressed the view that someone had helped Snowden, and that a number of leaks were carried out on behalf of Snood, and were organized by sources within the US intelligence community. Well, finally, either the most interesting, or the fun. Representatives of the CIA declassified documents, from which it turned out three interesting circumstances. First, at the CIA’s residency in Geneva, Snowden did not work as an information security specialist, but as an information system maintenance technician. Secondly, during his work he was noticed in violations of the regime of admission, as well as inappropriate behavior, expressed in excessive curiosity. Thirdly, claims against Snowden were written in his personal file and transferred to the appropriate units responsible for personnel issues in the intelligence community. That's it.



Now the article itself, prepared on the basis of the Snowden dossier.

In the summer of 2010, one Middle Eastern businessman wanted to transfer $ 50,000 from one country in the region to another. He had the condition that the transfer was made without the participation of US banks, and the sending bank was not aware of the sending bank. The transfer was made according to its conditions. However, he did not go unnoticed. Along with a large number of other documents describing the financial intelligence of the NSA, he was at the disposal of Shpiеgel magazine. The documents show how fully and efficiently the NSA monitors global financial flows and stores detailed information about them in a powerful database specially developed for this purpose.

The unit that deals with this issue at the NSA is called Money Tracking. This name recalls the famous FBI Executive Director Mark Felt, who was hiding under the pseudonym “Deep Throat” and acted as an informant for Bob Woodward and Karl Bernstein, who conducted the famous investigation of the Watergate scandal that led to Nixon's resignation.

The Agency’s internal report notes that financial transfers are the “Achilles heel” of terrorists. They allow you to track illegal arms transfers, drug trafficking, identify political crimes, prepare acts of economic terrorism, and now reveal large-scale cybercrimes.

One of the scouts' favorite sayings: "Money is the root of all evil." According to secret documents, the NSA's activities in the field of financial transfers are concentrated primarily in Africa, the Near and Middle East, and Latin America. Mostly their efforts are within the legal framework. However, as in other areas, the NSA's financial sector proceeds from the need to collect the maximum amount of data. This approach, apparently, leads in some cases to conflicts with international agreements and national laws.

Secret documents show that, as of 2011, the Tracfin NSA financial database contains data on bank transfers, credit card transactions and other financial transactions carried out by 180 million objects, i.e. individuals and legal entities. In 2008, there were 20 million such facilities. Tracfin data is stored for five years.

Secret documents show that the NSA has several ways to access SWIFT internal traffic, which covers more than eight thousand largest banks around the world in several ways. The methods include intercepting traffic by connecting to SWIFT fiber optic lines, as well as direct intercepting traffic based on available protocol access with advanced and cryptographic encryption keys, and finally, NSA direct access to the SWIFT network.

In addition, the Agency has in-depth knowledge about credit card processing, primarily Visa and MasterCard. It also follows from the documents that the NSA is most attentively engaged in various kinds of anonymous means of payment and, above all, Bitcoin.

The information obtained on the basis of financial transactions gives an almost complete picture of the activities of individuals and legal entities, their partners, customers, and contractors. It allows you to track their activities almost in real time, to keep abreast of movements, to get complete information about their problems, conflicts, difficulties.

The most politically explosive is information about the NSA secret access to the SWIFT system. The NSA has been lobbying for many years to gain direct authorized access to the SWIFT system. For a long time, this could not be done. However, in 2010, with the help of the German government, such consent was obtained. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that actual access to the SWIFT system using technical and software spyware has been implemented since 2006. A little later, the NSA using software and hardware was able to receive all the necessary data regarding transactions transmitted through the international system bank payments SWIFT, directly from banks.

EU Commissioner for Home Affairs Cecilia Malmström stated that “Americans must tell us exactly what they are doing in reality. We must know exactly what comes of the agreement and what is not. If they do not give up goals that are not spelled out in the contract, then we will have to consider the termination of the agreement. ”

From the documents it follows that the NSA conducts financial espionage with the active participation of the US Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service. They are the recipient of part of the information that the NSA collects about financial transactions.

The NSA has a special Dishfire program that allows you to collect information on credit card transactions from the 70 largest issuing banks and holders of major correspondent credit card accounts. At an internal conference in 2010, NSA analysts presented an extensive detailed description of the tools that enabled the Agency to gain constant access to the complex networks used by major card companies to process transactions and payments.

On one slide provided by Spiegel, details are shown that allow you to track the authorization process for each transaction, starting from reading a credit card in a store, a bank transaction, processing data, and finally, debiting a credit card. These slides belonged to the Visa processing center in the Middle East. When the magazine contacted a Visa representative, he replied: “Visa Inc. "It has no processing centers in the Middle East and we do not know anything about unauthorized access to our network." MasterCard generally refused to answer our questions.

According to documents, the NSA also has access to the Vestern Union system, which carries out money transfers in more than 200 countries. Recently, the company began to protect its transactions with an encryption system. From the documents it is clear that this creates certain difficulties. Moreover, some believe that this encryption makes access almost impossible. However, given the NSA's cryptographic capabilities, the protection of the Western Union could potentially also be compromised.

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