Private investigation in Krasnoyarsk
The land of frightened top managers
Private investigation in Krasnoyarsk
Have you ever used a private detective? The average Krasnoyarsk man, and perhaps a resident of Russia, will answer negatively. Nevertheless, the state has long held a hand on the pulse of private investigation. More precisely, it beats him on the hands: on June 23, the Russian government approved new requirements for private detectives and security guards, powers and methods of their work. The resolution “On some issues of private detective (detective) and private security activities”, signed by the prime minister in the third reading, significantly tightens the requirements for representatives of this profession. In this regard, DELA.ru decided to find out how private detectives are developing in Krasnoyarsk: what do local detectives do and who most often uses their services.
Where is your evidence?
Private investigation for Russia is a relatively new phenomenon. The first detective agencies appeared in our country only in the late 80s. last century. Well, for many residents of Krasnoyarsk, the services of private detectives today seem exotic.
“In my opinion, the market of detective services in our city is poorly developed. This is when compared with Moscow or, for example, with Novosibirsk. There, these services are already beginning to be in demand, ”says Anatoly Malanchenko, a private detective at the Center for Detective Services. - In Krasnoyarsk, I know three or four agencies that work specifically and do not position themselves. Therefore, it’s too early to talk about great competition. ”
The fact that in our city the market of detective services has not yet been developed, Dmitry Krasnoslobodtsev, private detective of the Legion detective agency, agrees. However, he believes that the situation may change: "In connection with the reduction in the number of police officers, re-certification, I think there will be more detectives in our city."
In the same vein, Evgeni Shtanko, head of the KrasZashchita security enterprises group, regards the situation with a private detective in Krasnoyarsk: “In Krasnoyarsk, the market for detective services is at an initial, primitive level. Especially in comparison, for example, with St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, where this type of activity is put on stream, and, importantly, private detective services are offered at affordable prices.
The very organization of the work of Petersburg or Novgorod colleagues differs from ours: photo and video reporting every half an hour or an hour, regardless of the appearance of an object, etc. In megacities, conglomerates, centers coordinating the activities of detective agencies and private detectives are developed. We cannot compare the level of equipment provision, or even such a part of the work as settlements with customers: in the capitals they are all conducted in electronic form, while in Siberia people are still afraid to transfer money to electronic accounts. Anyway, all the innovations come to the Siberian region with a delay of about three years. ”
According to estimates of Eugene Shtanko, approximately 30–40 detective agencies and private detectives work in Krasnoyarsk. And residents of Abakan, Minusinsk, Sharypovo, Achinsk and other cities of the region, due to the lack of these services in the local market, are forced to resort to the help of non-resident specialists, which inevitably affects the price.
“For the most part, our detective agencies are small enterprises, the market is filled (but not saturated) with small players, although there are large companies,” our source said.
What is the reason for the lag of Krasnoyarsk?
Everything is as usual: “Moscow and St. Petersburg are the so-called information centers, they are closer to Europe, to its legal institutions, a civilized attitude to information (in the broad sense) and similar services. We still have a different mentality. Most residents of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are conservative in their information and do not assume that timely information can save them from many troubles and significant material damage.
People are not ready to pay for information: at the household level, they understand that it is useful to have it, but they believe that it is not worth that kind of money. And in vain - in one of the cases that we conducted, a half-hour video was featured, with the support of law enforcement agencies, it served as evidence of a crime aimed at embezzlement by abuse of trust, and saved our client a sum of 1.5 million rubles. ”
Another reason is basic ignorance. So, many do not suspect that photo, video and audio materials can be used as a serious evidence base in courts, law enforcement agencies. And private detectives, according to Eugene Shtanko, provide just such evidence.
Information for a competitor
From year to year, the number of appeals of residents of Krasnoyarsk to detective agencies is growing. What help do people expect from professional detectives? According to Eugene Shtanko, Krasnoyarsk resort to the services of detectives mainly to track his wife, husband or children. Most of the clients of the agencies are individuals.
Most clients of agencies are individuals
“They deal mainly with family problems, they also often ask for the search for missing persons or order the collection of information on criminal and civil cases,” says Dmitry Krasnoslobodtsev.
Anatoly Malanchenko notes: “From the appeals of private individuals I can single out the following: firstly, this is the search for individuals, mainly debtors and their property - the bailiffs in this direction are working extremely unsatisfactorily. Secondly, the fact of adultery. Both husbands and wives are equally addressed here. Basically, people are well-off, since the service is not cheap. Thirdly, private investigators are asked to look behind a juvenile fuss: where, with whom, what does. This is the main thing. But they come with other private problems. ”
The range of offers of local detective agencies for individuals is not so limited. What else can a private investigator do? Check if a new acquaintance on the Internet is lying about himself, see how the nanny plays with the baby in the absence of parents and if the housekeeper rummages in the master dresser, look for an evader from child support or lost things, “break through” the car or real estate that the client intends to buy , and even bring a person out of a sect.
Businesses turn to detectives infrequently
But such a wide field of activity of private detectives as “business counterintelligence” has not been mastered in our city. Legal entities rarely turn to detectives. Meanwhile, according to some estimates, the internal losses of individual enterprises eat up most of the profit - up to 80%. People hired for management and having access to economic decisions can significantly reduce the capital of business owners. And because the company needs a private detective no less, and sometimes even more than a lawyer and accountant. In capitals, this is understood: business owners there are increasingly turning to private detective services, trying to catch the dishonest top managers or expose fraudulent partners. In the province, the latter is still vast, although changes have been outlined.
“In the three years that I have been engaged in detective work, I recall only a couple of orders to check the reliability of business partners. Basically, people come to a detective only when it is no longer possible to fix something - and suffer big losses, ”says Dmitry Krasnoslobodtsev.
“Business doesn’t come to us often - according to the principle“ until the thunder strikes ”, says the head of the KrasZashchita state enterprise. “The directors of the enterprises believe that they’ll probably carry it over and go to detectives only when the object has already left for another region, grabbing the assigned money or property.”
“Concerning“ commercial intelligence ”, we are mainly contacted by companies from other regions who are interested in Krasnoyarsk companies. Although today, local companies have begun to show interest in this service. I will not go into details, but I want to say that if any competitors were interested in the work of your company, he would get this information through the detective. It is as if your car was wanted to be stolen, it is sure to be stolen. The fact is that enterprise security services work the old fashioned way, not taking into account the new realities.
In general, we provide the customer with all the necessary information about the company he is interested in, right down to the closed one. And since we are members of the MOD (International Association of Detectives), it’s not a problem for us to obtain information from any region of the Russian Federation or abroad, ”Anatoly Malanchenko explains.
Under the hood of the state
Private detectives of the country conduct all this work under the close sovereign's eye, maneuvering in the picket fence of restrictions. In general, their activity since 1992 is determined by the law "On Private Detective and Security Activities in the Russian Federation." In 2008, amendments were adopted to it, banning detective agencies in the form of associations, so private detectives in the country can only work as private entrepreneurs. And finally, the June government decree approved the full control of the state over the rules for the provision of private detective services.
“The concept of a detective agency as such is no longer in the legislation, there is only an“ individual entrepreneur with a license to carry out private detective activities, ”says Dmitry Krasnoslobodsky. - A private investigation in Russia, and without the last decree, is in a rather strict framework. Today, the detective in our country will officially work, I mean the license, it can be said, even more dangerous than a simple citizen - you can easily go to jail for abuse of authority. Therefore, I am sure that it is more convenient for many to provide detective services without a license, “in the shade”. Here again, a situation may arise when the customer of a detective service gets caught by a fraudster. ”
In total, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, about 40 private detectives were registered as IPs, and in all of Russia as of June 2011 - 1,640 licensed detectives. And at least 200 thousand detectives call themselves those without licenses. Does it matter to customers? Eugene Shtanko believes that it is not always: “Licensing, in principle, is necessary, but it is not an indicator of the agency’s work. The main thing is experience, professionalism, technical support, knowledge. ”
A detective may reveal an offense, but has no right to carry out operational investigative actions
Profile knowledge today is one of the requirements of the law. According to the decree, a private investigator must have an appropriate education. The detective has many responsibilities, including the need to share all the information obtained with the authorities. A detective can identify an offense, but does not have the right to carry out operational investigative actions, impersonating a police officer (and combining the work of a detective and a police officer, too), use special equipment to track, listen and scan negotiations, video and photographing without the written consent of the object, use weapons or physical force and penetrate into someone else's house. What is allowed? Just watch, talk with neighbors and acquaintances, study pages on social networks.
Unlike ours, American private investigators can arrest a suspect, carry out a search, and use surveillance equipment, and the English Holmes have almost equal rights with state bobby.
“Licensed detectives are allowed to collect information on criminal and civil cases. But at the same time, it’s not clear how to not violate the law on personal data, ”says Dmitry Krasnoslobodtsev. - There are a lot of questions. It turns out that a journalist has much more rights and powers than a private detective.
For example, a journalist may maintain confidentiality with respect to the source of information, and the detective must issue the source. The state in many ways “jammed” private detectives. But it is entirely possible that if it provided them with many rights, then situations of infringement by detectives of the rights of ordinary citizens would often arise. Of course, I would like Russian detectives to have the same rights as detectives in the USA, but in Russia they have their own way of developing detective legislation. ”
How to work in a situation of total bans? Many follow the principle of "not caught - not a thief." They resort to the help of organs. Collect information on civil cases on a contractual basis. Again, police colleagues help with the equipment. Although, says Anatoly Malanchenko, even now it’s easy to purchase everything you need to work through the Internet. The main thing is not to fall under the relevant article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. For violation of the law, a private investigator may be sentenced to imprisonment for up to 7 years.
The possibilities of using special equipment are limited both by law and by high cost.
“There are completely legal ways of working,” says Yevgeny Shtanko. - So, for example, the equipment is purchased for an individual, and then leased to the agency. In cases when the object is being monitored, an agreement is concluded, according to which the responsibility for interfering in personal life lies with the customer. ” The possibilities of using special equipment are limited, however, not only by law. Small players, which are the majority in our region, cannot afford, for example, to buy good equipment. The price of the simplest set of video surveillance starts from 20 thousand rubles.
“Of course, sometimes people turning to private detectives ask for the impossible - for example, read the object’s SMS messages, listen to his cell phones, which the FSB has the right to do. We do not provide such services. But we can always help with outdoor monitoring, room monitoring, photo, video, audio recordings, services of polygraph examiners, psychologists, lawyers, lawyers. And - with specific actions based on our experience, ”explains Yevgeny Shtanko.
How much is adultery for the people?
Sherlock Holmes often didn’t take money from his clients, and Niro Wolfe, on the contrary, usually demanded high fees for maintaining his favorite orchids and culinary excesses. In real life, prices for private detective services of different companies are approximately the same, although there are exceptions.
“Large players in the Krasnoyarsk private search market put up very high prices for their services - for example, 18 hours of surveillance cost 20 thousand rubles, which, of course, not everyone can afford. In our agency, prices are moderate, from 5 thousand rubles. for 18 hours of observation, ”says Eugene Shtanko. - Up to 5 thousand rubles. it’s worth following the children: we see this as a kind of social service.
When it comes to business - prices are higher, from 10 thousand rubles, but in each case, everything is decided individually. This is a difficult job, as many companies work behind closed doors, and it takes a long time to get results. ”
Approximately the same prices for services for individuals and companies are listed on the websites of other detective agencies in Krasnoyarsk. In general, "people with good incomes usually go to private detectives, because the services are not cheap," says Dmitry Krasnoslobodtsev.
Nevertheless, taking into account all the difficulties and limitations, it cannot be said that private investigation as a type of business is highly profitable. In this sense, an example is indicative: most of the detective agencies of Krasnoyarsk combine several types of activities - legal, security, advisory.
But in general, says Eugene Shtanko: “You should not talk about private investigation in the categories of“ profitable - unprofitable ”. Rather, “it is necessary,” since people in our profession stand for the protection of the family and marriage, rights and legitimate interests. "Our people need our work, and ideally it should be such that, if necessary, anyone can use the services of a private detective."
Tatyana Alyoshina
CASE.ru
07/27/2011
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