PRIVATE PRIVATE DETECTIVE: when to apply?

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Often in the bustle of life, we forget about our children - the people closest to us. We do not pay enough attention to them, and this can lead to irreparable consequences. It is great if you have a trusting relationship with your child, but sometimes you need to know more than he is ready to tell himself. However, many people prefer to turn a blind eye to the contemporary problems of youth, believing that their child cannot be affected by drug addiction, suicide, or occult sects. PRIVATE PRIVATE DETECTIVE: when to contact? Unfortunately, it is difficult to notice the first signs of drug addiction, not being a narcologist, but in such a situation counts every day. If you suddenly noticed strange behaviors in a child, such as sudden changes in mood, temper, irritability, poor performance and other things that are not characteristic of him, this could be a result of drug addiction or the influence of a bad company. Turning to a detective agency, you will receive information about your child’s social circle, whether he is taking drugs, find a person who supplies him with the potion. If the change in behavior is associated with his new circle of friends, you can find out if his new company is potentially dangerous, for example, a sect that uses psychological zombies to attract supporters. Most teenagers idealize the subject of their romantic hobbies, so disappointment in the object of passion sometimes becomes the reason for suicide. If you are afraid that not everything is pure in the passion of your child or relative, with the help of a detective agency you can find out more about a person who has occupied all his thoughts in order to confirm or refute his suspicions. In case of confirmation, do not try to open your eyes to the lover, but call a swindler for a personal conversation. Professionals argue that after such an explanation, they will forever disappear from the life of your loved ones. If you want to avoid an unpleasant conversation, entrust this to a private detective who will conduct a professional conversation and resolve the conflict situation. Do not neglect the services of a private detective when you choose a nanny or governess for your children. Confirmation of the reliability of the recommendations, external monitoring and a report on her treatment of the child at first, will become a guarantee of the baby's safety and your peace of mind. The reasons for contacting a private detective are the most diverse: the need to conduct a private investigation, the appearance of a former lover, threatening family happiness, tracking an object, etc. However, you should not shift all responsibility to a private detective, considering him a panacea for all problems. Yes, he will draw up a complete dossier and write down every day your wife’s every minute, but if everything is clean, you will have to get rid of unreasonable jealousy yourself. Remember that the result of your appeal to the detective is the receipt of valuable information for you, and yet, as they say, who is warned is armed.

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Re: Private investigator: when to contact? Thank you!

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Who needs a private detective?

How frequent detectives save millions in business and change lives. Why a private investigation? The world of private investigation is alien to those who did not have the opportunity to use the knowledge base and experienced specialists for their own purposes. Those who have felt the many benefits of using a qualified private investigator are rewarded with business development and dedication. When local, regional or federal law enforcement officers are unwilling or unable to help, a private detective comes to the rescue.

At work

Detectives have been involved in many typical situations during their careers, such as brutality or violence in the workplace, theft or misuse of corporate information, drug use by a worker, or control of his activities. Often a business is tied hand and foot when it comes to resolving the aforementioned problems, as well as cases involving an uninterested third party or the use of the know-how of investigators. A qualified detective constantly replenishes his knowledge and hones the skills of using the latest technology in order to use it for the needs of the client. He is sophisticated in the art of interrogation and interviews, collecting evidence, and legal issues of investigation. And thus, a specialist can easily engage in the often tedious work of revealing the truth about disputes with employees or allegations of harassment (in order to identify the evidence that the company needs to decide to avoid costly litigation), as well as to document evidence regarding relations between the parties.

At home

Detectives are often shown on the caricature side in films and on television as the person who catches the cheating spouse. In fact, this is part of his profession. However, pros have a great influence on other aspects of family life, investigating the loss of children, violent deaths, theft of property, revealing cases of violence against children and the elderly, searching for friends of youth, publicizing and preventing attempts to bullying and property damage.

With insurance company

People are injured in the workplace, and often the company is liable and / or pays to the victim, doing so with pride. But sometimes people want to take advantage of the social responsibility of the owner. They live with their choice, thinking: “The corporation can afford it!”, Or: “They have insurance!” These people are thieves and steal from their workplace as if not knowing that this money is foreign. Often, a corporation or an insurer can only be surprised that rumors or gossip that a person crippled at work feels good, and he only used them, turned out to be true. In such cases, a detective comes into action, who legally and without interference finds the truth, receives answers, acquits the innocent, and collects the evidence necessary to identify guilt.

Risk reduction

An experienced detective takes part in numerous investigations that give him invaluable experience. It is one thing to read a book or article about theft, hacking or fraud, and quite another to spend life investigating such cases, investigating the practical use of modern technologies.

Private investigators are often used as reliable consultants to assess the vulnerability of a business and to counter current and future fraud or theft. This is done as part of a risk management strategy, which includes a threat to the other side, minimizing it, reducing the negative effect of risks and / or accepting part of the consequences of a particular threat.


Technologies are constantly changing, and those that become available in this area are immediately offered by us to clients for specific cases.

Positive approaches are designed to change the way you carry out your activities.

As part of the legal process

Often behind the scenes, a detective is the lawyer’s main hand in search of witnesses - whether in plain sight, in the midst of law enforcement, in the courts, or in almost any field where evidence is needed. In almost any type of case - inheritance, administrative case or "criminal" - a detective story is used to enter the field and collect evidence. Detectives are widely used by lawyers to search and question witnesses or search for heirs, qualified detectives can be invaluable for the development of the trial.

When questions arise, often the data is incomplete, or it just requires confirmation. Then you need a detective who can provide the necessary solutions and answers. When no one else is competent, unwilling or unable to help, it is time to seek the advice of an experienced expert.

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Re: Who needs a private detective? Thank you!

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

A private detective will help you.

A private detective will help you.

Private investigator will help you Want to get protection from the state? Contact a private investigator. There is no contradiction here - in contrast to Western countries in Russia, the role of a private detective lies not only in the investigation of the crime, but also in interaction with law enforcement agencies.

Do it yourself

As a preamble, here is the story told by management consultant Dmitry Khlebnikov. Several years ago, an emergency happened in one large Russian structure: the company's internal auditor, who was sent on a business trip to a controlled plant, was killed. Since the plant is a city-forming enterprise, the local police threw all their forces into the investigation. Together with the security service (SB) of the company, she established the data of both the customers and the perpetrators of the murder. But since the killers left the city immediately after the crime was committed, they had to be put on the All-Russian wanted list. Having dropped out of the competence of the “client-oriented” militia, the situation hung - the authorities in other regions have enough of their worries. The employees of the corporate Security Service took up the job, for whom the capture of criminals was a matter of professional honor. After two weeks of operational-search activity, to which she formally did not have the right, the Security Council found criminals. They sat in a country house on the other side of the country.

The Security Council put up surveillance at home and immediately turned to local authorities - it was necessary to "officially" take the criminals, especially since there was evidence. However, it turned out that the local prosecutor was not interested in detaining the criminals. Only after he was “motivated” were orders and authorization for detention given. But that’s not all: the head of the local police department "couldn’t isolate people and vehicles" until he was also "motivated", and local police officers, having a direct indication of the detention of criminals, refused to enter the house: "What if they are armed? necessary - you take them! " As a result, it turned out that the SB officers uncovered the crime, conducted a search, and even detained the criminals themselves. Then, of course, they handed over to the local police, and then everything went according to the law, but with a little clarification: the Security Service officers controlled the investigation, the preparation of materials, etc. until the trial and the sending of the criminals to the colony. At almost every step, it was necessary to help the authorities - someone really provided professional help and support, but many “helped” in a different sense of the word.

This story is very characteristic - the police as a whole work inefficiently, and if you want to solve the problem legally, the process must be constantly pushed. However, it is a mistake to assume that everything can be solved with money - to pay a particular opera or even to the head of the police department for "personal attention". You can pay, of course, but it won’t help the investigation: the police are so busy that it’s unlikely that they will be able to allocate additional “human hours”. Accordingly, if in a classic detective story a private investigator is addressed because "the police do not have enough brains", then in reality - because the police do not have enough time. “Qualified specialists work in the bodies,” said private investigator Oleg Pytov, head of the agency “Detective RU.” “Only there, dozens, even hundreds of criminal cases are constantly hanging on one opera. me at the same time in the work of only three or four orders. "

Other movie

Only in a detective novel or in a movie does a private detective practically do not interact with the police / police during the investigation phase, but only at the very end transmits irrefutable evidence and gives them to the criminal warm-hearted. In life, if it is necessary to open a case, it implies a constant close partnership with the authorities. According to Alexander Pimkin, general director of the private search detective association Bureau of Investigation, in Russia, a private detective, among other things, acts as a consultant for interaction with law enforcement agencies for a client. "Having a clear understanding of the principles of the work of bodies, having connections and access to specific officials, a private detective can ensure that the victim’s case is attentive," says Alexander Pimkin. “But most importantly, by establishing contact with the opera who is involved in the case, I can agree with him on joint actions - to exchange information, and most importantly, I can be sure that the information collected by me will then be legalized. "

In this case, “legalization” means the official execution of all the collected materials, in particular witness testimony, which is carried out by an employee of the authorities, which is recorded by a private investigator has no legal force. It is often difficult to legalize the evidence gathered, that is, to hand over to the police a fully investigated case. “With respect to Soviet times, police functions in the field of combating crimes in the field of economics have changed significantly,” commented Igor Goloshchapov, chairman of the board of the non-profit partnership “Coordination Center for Security and Detective Service Heads.” of the main tasks, the fight against violations of the law by the entrepreneurs themselves, and crimes against their property are perceived as their own business.Private detectives de facto assume the role of intermediaries in communicating with law enforcement agencies, because, due to past experience, they speak the same language and, unlike a businessman, he is able to objectively assess whether everything is done by employees to solve a problem. Naturally, employees are more frank with veterans of the same bodies. "

In the practice of Oleg Pytov (by the way, he became one of the prototypes for the hero Sergey and Anna Litvinov, authors of detective novels) there was a case illustrating, firstly, one of the fundamental differences between a private detective and a policeman, and secondly, the effectiveness of their joint actions . “A large company, an official supplier of high-speed adhesives to Russia, discovered that a fake shaft was pouring into the market,” says Oleg Pytov. “The company turned to the Economic Crimes Department. Their investigators launched an investigation - they collected information about counterfeit suppliers, but, so to speak, from above, at the level of sharks. To speed up the process, the company invited me, and I, coordinating my actions with the police, went from below to the final sellers. I spent two months at the Cherkizovsky market, made friends with hawkers, drank fake vodka with them, etc. e. All this time there has been an exchange of information with the police. This approach is very effective because it allows you to double-check the information received through different channels. It’s another matter that the police will not engage in such “tracking from the bushes,” and even for two months. as a result of our joint actions, the whole chain was closed in one day: a warehouse, two trucks at customs, one-day firms for customs clearance, the main wholesalers in Russia. "

And one day, police officers asked Oleg Pytov, just like Conan Doyle’s, to help solve the murder. “No, they didn’t appeal because they didn’t have a deductive method,” Oleg Pytov laughs. “It was just that I needed an operative without a cop stamp on my face. For years of working outside my bodies, this stamp seems to have been erased, although some say which is not the end. "

From first love to murder

It happens that private detectives are addressed with the most unusual requests, from a series of those that the police do not deal with. For example, an elderly man turned to Oleg Pytov, who wished to find his first love - a woman born in 1931. It is clear that she is not registered at Odnoklassniki.ru, and nothing is known about her except her maiden name and place of residence sixty years ago. Within a month, a man was found - it cost the customer 30 thousand rubles. Or a case from the practice of Oleg Zimin, general director of the ZOV detective agency: “I was approached by a 39-year-old woman who wanted to find her biological mother. The desire was caused not only by gusts of the soul, but also by practical necessity: her 19-year-old daughter needed a complicated operation eyes, which would be ineffective if the vision problem is hereditary. Information about the biological mother was practically absent, we only had a birth certificate issued in one of the Ukrainian cities where the foster parents of our client were indicated. For three months I was engaged in this matter "Ukrainian private detectives and criminal police officers were involved in my searches. Good luck smiled at us - an exact copy of our client came to the final meeting."

However, the main orders for private detectives to work with are cases related to the competence of law enforcement agencies: search for missing persons, murders, threats, robberies and, of course, embezzlement at enterprises or other crimes in organizations. For example, it happens that when a person is threatened with reprisal, he runs to the police for protection and receives a response from the joke: "They will kill you, then come." Of course, if the person who insists, then they will accept a statement, according to which they are obliged to carry out an audit — let’s say, to call the person who threatened to talk. The task of the private investigator in this case is to control the implementation of all necessary procedures, possibly at the level of specialized units, in order to ensure the refusal of the crime, if it was really intended.

On guard business

One of the main problems of business is the search for debtors and debt collection. “Debt collection is the bread of collection agencies,” Oleg Zimin comments. “In recent years, private investigators haven’t addressed such matters.” It happens that a detective takes an order to search for the property that actually belongs to the debtor, but only the search will continue to prove in court the connection between the debtor and the debtor, or the client will take out the debt using other methods.

Another thing is the disclosure of thefts in enterprises and verification of the reliability of hired personnel. “We invited a technologist to work on setting up production equipment,” says Sergey Malofeykin, managing partner of Euroservice Group of Companies. “After receiving an advance payment, he disappeared along with equipment purchased on his initiative to introduce new technological methods. When the police filed a complaint the employee immediately said that the material has little evidence and the time frame for the investigation of the case could be delayed. There was no result for three months. As a result, our Security Council went out to relatives, friends, and former colleagues of this technologist. In one of these conversations, they learned from a former employer that "a similar incident occurred not only with us. In fact, we were dealing with a fraudster. A person was found through a chain of contacts, after which they again came to law enforcement agencies with a case that was actually opened, which needed only administrative support."

In most cases, the goal set for private investigators or the internal security service is not to punish and compensate, but to identify and dismiss, for example, a bad boss or top manager receiving kickbacks. Traders do not like to attract the attention of authorities. Then the collected evidence may not have legal weight, but be sufficient for the customer. For example, one of the most difficult crimes to solve is a bribe or a kickback. For a business owner, evidence can be provided by video surveillance, telephone conversations, intercepted emails obtained by his own security service. But if the bribe taker is neat? “There are a lot of methods,” Oleg Zimin comments. “For example, one of the directions for revealing internal corporate crimes is working with lists of employees and those who have been dismissed in recent years. The latter are often knowledgeable about the company’s kitchen and can tell a lot of interesting things about their former colleagues. implicated in crime along with those remaining on staff. " However, it happens that it is necessary to bring the matter to court, and then a full investigation is required. “In Tver, a theft took place in a warehouse of a large enterprise - they broke open boxes lying on the surface and stole goods for about 60 thousand rubles,” said Oleg Zimin. “VOKhR, according to the agreement, was immediately ready to repair the damage. However, after a thorough inventory, it turned out that they stole 50 million rubles! It turned out like in the famous film - “everything was stolen before us,” that is, hacking the boxes was a dramatization to justify the exported goods earlier. just to solve the crime, but also to collect a full-fledged evidence base. As a result, the thieves found (the storekeeper and the warehouse manager) went to trial. "

From chain to outsourcing

Theoretically, internal security officers themselves can act as detectives, only without licenses. However, today not only small, but also large companies, many investigations are outsourced to outside detectives. “Once I worked in the Most group - there were 50-60 people in the Security Council,” says Oleg Zimin. “Today, in large companies that I know, there are two or three people in the Security Council. They carry out some daily duties, and for the rest, agencies are involved as necessary - that's more convenient. " Perhaps the only exception is insurance companies. “We identify 98% of all insurance frauds on our own,” says Anatoly Davydov, head of the security service of RESO-Garantia. “We only engage outside private detectives to search for cars stolen to neighboring countries." According to Davydov, for example, investigations of, for example, theft of the insured property of the Security Service of the company itself are carried out by itself, not always trusting the results of the police report, - police officers may be in collusion with the insured. “It’s inconvenient to use cash in companies where they switched to white bookkeeping for a long time,” comments Vyacheslav Sergeyev, an expert on corporate security. “For example, when the question arises of checking personnel, than making requests to former colleagues and paying them in advance, it’s easier to transfer money under an agreement to an agency - how and with whom they then share them, does not concern us. The same is true with other information that theoretically SB officers can receive through their own channels. "

True, the transfer of detective services to outsourcing has a certain minus for the company - a private investigator, little dependent on the client, is unlikely to take illegal actions such as pressure on caught intruders or wiretapping phones. But SB employees who are completely dependent on the employer often have nowhere to go. Remember the story of Evgeny Chichvarkin and the stealing Euroset forwarder? Now in the dock are representatives of the Security Council of the company, accused of kidnapping. “Such situations were widespread in the“ dashing nineties, ”when the police practically did not work to protect the“ damned bourgeois, ”Igor Goloshchapov commented.“ At present, this is already bad. But the main thing is not in decency, but in the inefficiency and riskiness of such actions The person who went into outright fraud is psychologically prepared for pressure. The owners of a business created in the very nineties are usually people of decisive actions that require security services or partners in the protection of actions that sometimes go beyond the rule of law. it’s quite difficult for such pressure (he pays money). An independent detective who has more than one client will nevertheless be more careful in approaching this issue. " True, one of the anonymous experts expressed the opinion that the chief of the Security Council of Chichvarkin was simply unlucky - the police were in no hurry to protect the forwarder for several years after the abduction, until she had her own interest.

How to get to Baker Street?

It is almost impossible to assess the market volume of private detective services in Russia - there are no reliable statistics. However, it can be argued that the demand for services is growing. "According to my observations, there is a surge in customer activity - the number of requests for advertising has increased dramatically," says Alexander Pimkin. "In addition, the number of offers is also growing - new agency sites appear on the Internet daily."

Most likely, the reason for the increased demand is the popularization of services, including due to the informational openness of the detectives themselves. In the mid-90s, only a pager or a "connected" telephone with an answering machine was indicated on the business card of a private detective for contacts, on which you could leave a message and wait for the call back. Now, detectives have become much closer and more understandable to a potential client - information about a detective and his agency can be found on the Internet. But most importantly, over the years, experienced detectives have gained a reputation and overgrown with customers who recommend them new and new. And finally, detective services are relatively affordable: for example, the average cost of a search for an Oleg Zimin missing in an agency is 150 thousand rubles.

Unlike representatives of many other industries, private investigators do not require any special support from the state and do not complain about the law governing their activities. Their license is only a certificate of qualification and no more. "According to the law, a private detective with a license has the right to walk along the street, breathe, talk with citizens, that is, he does not have any other rights that are given to those who do not have a license," says Alexander Pimkin. “There are no rights to carry weapons, or “search actions. But this is not required. Moreover, such rights in our country will be more likely to be harmful! As a detective, I don’t need them, but there is a chance that everyone will buy a license for the sake of legally carrying weapons, as in 90 "with private security guards. The only thing needed is the right to make official requests as part of a specific order for public services. Just like the police do in a criminal case." Note that the same opinion was expressed completely independently of each other by all detectives — experts of this article. Today, requests, of course, are also made, but only through acquaintances in law enforcement agencies. Plus, as Alexander Pimkin noted, it would be nice to give the client the right to write off at least part of the cost of detective services to cost, such as advertising costs.

By the way, the right to inquiries and the ability of a client to write off costs of production costs is almost the only thing that distinguishes our legislation from the norms in force in European countries. “A congress of the World Association of Detectives was held several years ago in Moscow, at which a report was presented on the topic of interaction between private detectives and law enforcement agencies,” recalls Igor Goloshchapov. “We expected to draw useful experience, but we got confused. A French speaker said that I’m ready to keep within 30 seconds, since there is no interaction between private detectives and law enforcement agencies, and it cannot be. For us it was a shock. He also cited the example that the inscription of a private detective in Italy flaunts a large print that you are going to present this document are not required to provide any information. "

Based on materials: “Money” magazine, Alexey Boyarsky - [url = http: //www.vestnikao.ru/publ/chastnyj_syshhik_vam_pomozhet/23-1-0-236] https://www.vestnikao.ru/publ/chastnyj_s ... 23-1-0-236

 

[Матушкин Андрей Николаевич]

Re: The private detective will help you

Thank!

 

[Детективное агентство. Украина. Харьков. Львов.]

Search for debtors and criminals

The existing helplessness of law enforcement agencies leads to the need for borrowers, lenders and other private individuals who need help finding a person, turns to private structures to search for debtors and property. In such cases, one cannot do without professional help in tracing people. The method of searching for people in a private investigation is similar to the methodology developed by criminology for searching for persons used in law enforcement agencies, consider its main provisions.

Modern science considers the personality of any person as a complex system consisting of social, psychological and biological properties.

Social properties characterize a person’s personality as a representative of a class, nation, various public organizations, families, etc. The psychological properties of the personality reflecting the psychological characteristic, providing its individuality, a unique combination of psychological characteristics. Their presence provides a certain independence of the behavior of the human person, its mental and practical independence. The presence of numerous biological properties of a person provides his biological personality, which includes the physical characteristics of a person, anthropological features, biochemical properties, etc. The social, psychological and biological properties of the personality of the criminal form his personality. A person, being included in the reality surrounding him, this or that social structure, retains his independence and originality. Its uniqueness as a personality is determined by natural factors. A specific skin pattern of the covering of the fingers, for example, serves as a means of identifying and identifying a person. However, the true meaning of individuality is associated not so much with the external appearance of a person as with the way of his being as an independent subject of activity.

In the process of preparation, commission and concealment of a crime, the criminal as an independent subject of activity is displayed in the environment through his properties. Traces arising at the same time carry certain information about him. Therefore, the above characteristics of the personality of the offender are informative, since due to their reflection, it is possible to identify the person who committed the crime. The display of personality traits and thereby the appearance of initial information about him is possible as a result of the interaction of the offender with the environment in the process of preparing, committing and hiding the crime. As a result of such interaction on material objects, in the memory of the victim, witnesses appear fingerprints, display the properties of the personality of the offender, containing information about him. The collection, investigation, assessment and use of this information constitute the content of the activities of the investigator, operational officer to identify the person who committed the crime.

Since the mapping of the personality characteristics of the criminal is carried out in the process of interaction, the features of this interaction directly affect the development and application of the necessary tools and methods for collecting, researching, evaluating and using evidence-based information.

In forensics, it is customary to distinguish between technical and forensic tools and methods and tactical and forensic techniques.

Technological and forensic tools and methods for collecting information about the criminal are very diverse. They are developed taking into account the mechanism of traceability and the laws of development of both technology in general and forensic in particular. Their classification is carried out depending on the purpose of application in the process of cognition and their relationship with the criminal.

In accordance with the adopted classification, tactics used in collecting information about a criminal are divided into general and private. Analysis and assessment of the investigative situation are essential, as they allow:

- navigate the full variety of facts and phenomena related to the identity of the criminal at a certain point in the investigation;

- put forward a version of the location and type of tracks containing information about the personality characteristics of the offender;

- determine the most appropriate tactics, recommendations, combinations for collecting traces and identifying the offender;

- choose the most effective technical and forensic tools and methods for the same purposes;

- choose the most effective forms of using special knowledge and interaction with inquiry bodies in order to obtain information about the offender.

The above shows how great the value of the analysis and assessment of the investigative situation.

Depending on the information component, the following types of situations regarding the identity of the offender can be distinguished:

- the complete lack of guidance data on the offender;

- the availability of data on some external signs of the offender;

- the presence of material traces reflecting the properties of his personality.

After analyzing and evaluating the initial investigative situation, the investigator determines the system of urgent investigative actions, organizational and operational-search measures, after which he receives additional information about the crime and the person who committed it.

An analysis of the actions of the criminal in specific conditions provides information on how the criminal acted at the scene. Moreover, special attention is paid not only to the method of crime, but also to the mechanism of crime in general. Thus, a comprehensive study of the traces of the criminal and the victim, as well as the relationship existing between them, gives a more complete picture of the actions of the person who committed the crime.

Studying the actions of the criminal allows you to get information about the subjects in which he showed interest, their number, etc. circumstances that will allow us to put forward a version about the face of the person, his age group, intellectual qualities, profession, etc. In order to obtain information about the criminal from traces of an ideal and material nature, along with various types of examinations, a wide variety of investigative actions are carried out: interrogation of witnesses and victims, searches, the appointment of examinations, presentation of objects, documents for identification, etc.

Organizational and operational-search measures are called upon to provide some assistance in solving the task of identifying the criminal.

Organizational measures include: using a wanted dog, checking a crime for registering methods of committing crimes, studying similar criminal cases that are pending or suspended, studying refusal materials that look like crimes committed, requesting characteristics for victims, etc. In case of obtaining information about the criminal contained in ideal and material traces, they are checked against operational and forensic records / for example, information about external signs - according to certain categories of criminals contained in photo albums, by nicknames; fingerprints - according to fingerprint records, etc. In addition, models are made that contain information about criminals: search orientations, compositional portraits, search tables, etc.

Operational investigative measures are carried out by the inquiry bodies and include the activity of identifying witnesses and victims at or near the scene of the incident, combing the area in order to identify traces of the criminal, using the search dog along the way of the criminal or his accomplices, organizing hot pursuit groups, screening and barrage measures, informing about a committed crime and information about a criminal of a special apparatus, informing about a crime and a criminal of other internal affairs bodies, etc.

In order to obtain information about the identity of the offender, investigative actions and operational-search measures can be used in combination in the form of tactical or operational-tactical operations. To identify the person, such methods of forensic tactics as planning and putting forward investigative versions are also used, which will be discussed below when covering the third question of the lecture.

In conclusion of the question considered, it should be noted that a generalization and analysis of the revealed data characterizing the social, psychological and biological properties of the individual will allow creating a generalized aggregate model of an unidentified criminal.

The criminal identification program is being implemented in the plan. The logical basis for planning the activities of the investigator to identify the person who committed the crime, as well as planning the investigation as a whole, is the version. Since the initial stage of the investigation of non-obvious crimes is characterized, as a rule, by the poverty of the initial information, this leads to a plurality of put forward versions, covering a significant number of persons subject to verification. Therefore, the investigator is faced with the task of finding additional information that can be used to put forward versions of the criminal with a greater degree of specification.

After a repeated deep forensic analysis of the crime event based on the available evidence and other forensically relevant information collected in the case, the further direction of work is determined. The investigation plan may provide for the continuation of work to identify eyewitnesses, to search for materially fixed traces of the crime, to appoint other forensic examinations of previously investigated objects, to conduct additional interrogation of the victim, etc.

In this case, the solution of the problem of determining the group affiliation of a criminal is of paramount importance. This can be based on reliable knowledge of any of its characteristic (s). So, according to eyewitnesses, it can be judged that the hiding offender was a tall brunette wearing a light jacket. Sometimes the fact of murder in a certain way already carries information about the circle of persons to which the offender belongs. For example, if the murder was committed with the use of improvised explosives, then, as the results of special studies and experience gained in investigative practice show, these are males with knowledge in the field of explosives, manufacturing, use of explosives, and explosive devices. In such cases, the testees can be subdivided into local and nonresident residents, relatives and other persons familiar with the victim, and some other groups.

The next important task of the search and cognitive activity related to the identification of the offender is the definition and concretization of the search area. Detection of a car abandoned by criminals near one settlement, which they hijacked in another settlement, may indicate that the persons being identified have something to do with the area where the car was abandoned / live, work, etc. /.

By identifying this area as a search zone, the investigator can divide it into certain parts, solve the question of which one should carry out search activity at the beginning, and in which later. At the same time, a subzone such as a car company can be allocated (since the criminal could be a driver).

One of the possible ways to identify the offender is a thorough study of the personality, lifestyle, behavior of the victim, persons who were related, official and

other relationships. Another way can conditionally be called the method of analysis of the operational situation. The implementation of this method primarily involves the identification and study of other or similar crimes allegedly related to the commission of this crime.

In determining the circle of participants in the identified events and constructing a version of the person who committed the crime, it becomes necessary to verify it with a view to establishing it in particular with respect to the act under investigation. This activity is the process of collecting the missing data characterizing his personality and behavior, as well as carrying out work to verify and clarify the accumulated evidence and supplement it with evidence that could not be detected before the detection of the crime.

At the initial stage of such verification activity / and, if necessary, it is carried out secretly from the suspect, who may not have guessed that he had come into the attention of the investigator / it is advisable first of all to make sure that the suspect could, by virtue of his personal, physical, psychological, age and other properties and qualities to commit this crime, whether he had for this objective

opportunity. For these purposes, an operational collection of installation and other data about the offender, his lifestyle, relationships, a possible alibi and other circumstances is carried out. The data collected in the course of this work is compared with the information available in the case to solve the question of how organically they fit into the likely information model of the offender and his behavior, do not contradict it.

An important question is also whether the suspected / and his connections / had the means and capabilities that were realized in the commission of the crime / vehicle, firearms, certain professional skills, knowledge, etc. /. Along with this, it turns out what clothes, shoes the suspect wore on that day / night /,

when the crime was committed, what other things he had at that time, objects that may be relevant to the case, where they are at that time, were not subjected to any changes after the crime / alteration, repair, etc. / ; what he did in the period immediately preceding the crime and immediately after this event, with whom he contacted, where he went, went; Did the victim know in what relationship he was with him and his family members? whether he knows the place of the incident / if so, by what circumstances /; if anyone saw him in the area of the incident during the period of interest to the investigation; what role in the deed could play if the crime was committed by a group of persons.

The study of these issues at the beginning is expediently carried out in an operational way. Then, the data collected during the operational-search measures should be carefully analyzed and implemented by conducting investigative actions, in particular, by interrogating a suspected person, interrogating his relatives and relatives, other persons who knew him well. The testimonies of these persons, all their statements and the arguments presented should be thoroughly and thoroughly checked.

Along with this, work to expose the criminal involves:

- organization and conduct of various identification studies and examinations;

- search, detection, inspection and investigation of clothes suspected for the possible detection of traces indicating contact with the victim;

- examination of a suspected person for the same purpose;

- search at the place of residence of the inspected and at other places of his stay for the instruments of crime and objects of criminal assault;

- the search for vehicles and instruments of crime abandoned by the offender or which were sold to them, lost, etc. and their investigation in order to detect traces indicating that they were exploited during the commission of the crime, and this was done by the offender;

- identification and interrogation of persons to whom he could tell about a crime committed by him, clarification of other circumstances of his committing a criminal act.

In the process of ensuring access to a criminal, collecting evidence of a crime committed by him, both at the stage of urgent and subsequent investigative actions, along with those considered, another important task may arise - the search for a criminal who has hidden from the investigation.

In such cases, it becomes necessary, in parallel with the collection of evidence about the crime and the offender, to put forward and check the relevant search versions about the likely location of the wanted person at this time or his possible occurrence in the future.

During these inspections, measures are taken:

to establish the address or territory where the criminal is possibly located;

to identify his connections, the study of which may lead to the detention of the offender;

on predicting the actions that the wanted person can take, determining the probable places of his appearance in order to commit other crimes, establish contacts with relatives, etc.

In carrying out this work, it is important to take into account that the criminal can use means of changing his appearance, fake documents, or for some time to hide in secluded places, etc. to ensure his latency. It must be borne in mind that in the process of solving unobvious crimes other specific methods are used to identify and verify unknown persons who committed crimes:

- using the victimological method;

- using forensic and operational investigative records;

- using computer-based information retrieval systems;

- using the help of the public, the media.

Source - https://detective-ua.com/rozysk-dolzhnik ... stupnikov /

 

[Частный детектив. Дмитрий Викторчик. Беларусь. Мин]

Re: Search for debtors and criminals

Interesting article, thanks!
If private detectives come to such a professional level in their work, then they really will become an effective complement to law enforcement agencies and a necessary component of public life.

 

[Частный детектив. Егор227.]

Re: Search for debtors and criminals

This is useful of course. But still, this is a lecture, and a lecture from a police high school. The algorithm for identifying the person who committed the crime described here is correct, but not feasible since a large number of people take part in each case, and they usually do not perform all their functions. Somehow, one smart person said that it’s better to stay in search, than underestimate. But in life it happens the other way around. One didn’t interrogate something, the second didn’t overlook, the third didn’t see it, and as a result, all the work to solve the crime was in vain. And the lectures are written after a stormy search youth, in the quiet of classrooms, with a cup of coffee, with a cigarette, and most importantly, these writers right away in the text correct their mistakes that they made in their youth, and during practical work on solving crimes. Sometimes these lectures are called memoirs, like Kolya Kondratyev in “Born of the Revolution”. Memoirs are generally a confession, only after years or distances, and with a very definite purpose, to whitewash a memoirist in the eyes of posterity. And here heroes are born who worked damn well all their lives, did everything as the party says, and most importantly they never made a mistake, and if they hesitated, then along with the party course. They shot their own and tortured their own in the dungeons of the NKVD. It’s a pity that I lived under socialism, listened to the dual morale of communist functionaries, and only the Horde began to respect for the homespun truth that pulls out and throws to the block all the “moral freaks” of both our own and others. that's something like that gentlemen ....

 

[ДНК]

Re: Search for debtors and criminals

This is useful of course. But still, this is a lecture, and a lecture from a police high school. The algorithm for identifying the person who committed the crime described here is correct, but not feasible since a large number of people take part in each case, and they usually do not perform all their functions. Somehow, one smart person said that it’s better to stay in search, than underestimate. But in life it happens the other way around. One didn’t interrogate something, the second didn’t overlook, the third didn’t see it, and as a result, all the work to solve the crime was in vain. And the lectures are written after a stormy search youth, in the quiet of classrooms, with a cup of coffee, with a cigarette, and most importantly, these writers right away in the text correct their mistakes that they made in their youth, and during practical work on solving crimes. Sometimes these lectures are called memoirs, like Kolya Kondratyev in “Born of the Revolution”. Memoirs are generally a confession, only after years or distances, and with a very definite purpose, to whitewash a memoirist in the eyes of posterity. And here heroes are born who worked damn well all their lives, did everything as the party says, and most importantly they never made a mistake, and if they hesitated, then along with the party course. They shot their own and tortured their own in the dungeons of the NKVD. It’s a pity that I lived under socialism, listened to the dual morale of communist functionaries, and only the Horde began to respect for the homespun truth that pulls out and throws to the block all the “moral freaks” of both our own and others. that's something like that gentlemen ....

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